ASTM A192 (ASME SA192) steel pipe is a seamless carbon steel pipe used in high-temperature and high-pressure environments and is widely used in boilers and heat exchangers.
Outer diameter: 1/2″ – 7″ (12.7 mm – 177.8 mm);
Wall thickness: 0.085″ – 1.000″ (2.2 mm – 25.4 mm);
Other sizes of steel pipe can also be supplied as required, provided that all other requirements of A192 are met.
ASTM A192 is manufactured using a seamless process and is hot-finished or cold-finished as required;
Also, the steel pipe identification should reflect whether the steel pipe is hot-finished or cold-finished.
Hot finishing: Refers to the process of finishing the final dimensions of the steel tube in a hot state. After the steel tube has undergone a hot processing process such as hot rolling or hot drawing, it is not further cold processed. Hot-finished steel tubes have better toughness and ductility but have large dimensional tolerances.
Cold finished: The steel pipe is processed to its final dimensions by cold working processes such as cold rolling or cold drawing at room temperature. Cold-finished steel pipes have more precise dimensional tolerances and smoother surfaces but may sacrifice some toughness.
Hot-finished seamless steel tubes do not require heat treatment.
Cold-finished seamless steel tubes are heat-treated at temperatures of 1200°F [650°C] or higher after final cold treatment.
| Standard | C | Mn | P | S | Si |
| ASTM A192 | 0.06-0.18% | 0.27-0.63% | 0.035% max | 0.035% max | 0.25% max |
ASTM A192 does not allow the addition of other elements to the chemical composition.
| Tensile strength | Yield strength | Elongation | Flattening Test | Flaring Test |
| min | min | in 2 in. or 50 mm, min | ||
| 47 ksi [325 MPa] |
26 ksi [180 MPa] |
35% | See ASTM A450, Section 19 | See ASTM A450, Section 21 |
Unless otherwise specified in ASTM A192, materials furnished under this specification shall conform to the applicable requirements of ASTM A450/A450M.
Rockwell Hardness: 77HRBW.
For steel pipes with a wall thickness of less than 0.2" [5.1 mm].
Brinell Hardness: 137HBW.
For steel pipe wall thickness of 0.2" [5.1 mm] or more.
For specific operating requirements, see ASTM A450, Item 23.
· Frequency: Each steel pipe is subjected to a hydrostatic pressure test.
· Time: Keep the minimum pressure for at least 5 seconds.
· Water pressure value: Calculated using the following formula. Note the unit.
Inch - Pound Units: P = 32000 t/D
SI Units: P = 220.6t/D
P = hydrostatic test pressure, psi or MPa;
t = specified wall thickness, in. or mm;
D = specified outside diameter, in. or mm.
· Result: If there is no leakage in the pipes, the test is considered to have passed.
An alternative to the hydrostatic test is also possible with suitable non-destructive testing.
However, the standard does not specify which non-destructive testing method can be used.
Tubes when inserted in the boiler shall stand expanding and beading without showing cracks or flaws. Superheater tubes when properly manipulated shall stand all forging, welding, and bending operations necessary for the application without developing defects.
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