ASTM A214 bututun karfe shine lantarki-juriya-welded carbon karfe tubing don amfani a cikin zafi musayar, condensers, da makamantansu zafi canja wurin kayan aiki.Yawanci ana amfani da shi akan bututun ƙarfe tare da diamita na waje wanda bai wuce 3in [76.2mm ba].
Girman bututun ƙarfe na yau da kullun shinebai fi girma fiye da 3in ba [76.2mm].
Za a iya samar da wasu nau'ikan bututun ƙarfe na ERW, muddin irin wannan bututun ya cika duk sauran buƙatun wannan ƙayyadaddun.
Abubuwan da aka tanadar a ƙarƙashin wannan ƙayyadaddun za su dace da buƙatun da ake buƙata na bugu na Musamman na A450/A450M na yanzu.sai dai in an bayar da ita a nan.
Tubes za a yi tawaldi mai juriya na lantarki (ERW).
Tare da ƙananan farashin masana'anta, daidaito mai girman gaske, kyakkyawan ƙarfi da ƙarfi, da sassaucin ƙira, bututun ƙarfe na ERW ya zama abin da aka fi so don tsarin bututun masana'antu, injiniyan tsari, da ayyukan ayyukan more rayuwa iri-iri.
Bayan waldawa, duk bututu za a bi da su da zafi a zafin jiki na 1650°F [900°] ko sama sannan a biyo baya ta hanyar sanyaya a cikin iska ko cikin dakin sanyaya na tanderun yanayi.
Za a yi maganin bututu masu sanyi da zafi bayan wucewar sanyi na ƙarshe a zafin jiki na 1200°F [650°C] ko mafi girma.
| C(Carbon) | Mn(Manganese) | P(Phosphorus) | S(sulfur) |
| max 0.18% | 0.27-0.63 | max 0.035% | max 0.035% |
Ba ya halatta a samar da maki na ƙarfe na ƙarfe wanda ke kira musamman don ƙara wani abu banda waɗanda aka lissafa.
Bukatun injina ba sa amfani da bututu mai diamita na ciki ƙasa da 0.126 a [3.2 mm] ko kauri ƙasa da 0.015 a [0.4 mm].
Dukiyar Tensile
Babu takamaiman buƙatu don kaddarorin tensile a cikin ASTM A214.
Wannan shi ne saboda ASTM A214 da farko ana amfani da su don masu musayar zafi da na'ura.Zane da aiki na waɗannan na'urori ba sa yawan sanya babban matsin lamba akan bututun.Sabanin haka, ana ba da ƙarin kulawa ga ƙarfin bututun don jure matsi, yanayin canja wurin zafi, da juriya na lalata.
Gwajin Lalacewa
Don bututun welded, tsayin sashin gwajin da ake buƙata bai gaza 4 in (100 mm).
An gudanar da gwajin a matakai biyu:
Mataki na farko shine gwajin ductility, ciki ko waje na bututun ƙarfe, ba za a sami raguwa ko karya ba har sai nisa tsakanin faranti ya kasance ƙasa da ƙimar H da aka lasafta bisa ga tsari mai zuwa.
H=(1+e)t/(e+t/D)
H= nisa tsakanin faranti masu lanƙwasa, a cikin. [mm],
t= ƙayyadadden kauri na bangon bututu, a cikin.[mm],
D= ƙayyadadden diamita na bututu, a cikin. [mm],
e= 0.09 (nakasar kowace raka'a tsawon) (0.09 don ƙananan ƙarfe na carbon (mafi girman ƙayyadaddun carbon 0.18% ko ƙasa da haka)).
Mataki na biyu shine gwajin mutunci, wanda za a ci gaba da daidaitawa har sai samfurin ya karye ko bangon bututu ya hadu.A duk lokacin da ake yin lallaɓawa, idan an sami abin da aka lakafta ko mara sauti, ko kuma idan walda ɗin bai cika ba, za a ƙi.
Gwajin Flange
Dole ne wani yanki na bututu ya kasance yana iya karkata zuwa wuri a kusurwoyi masu kyau zuwa jikin bututun ba tare da tsagewa ko rashin lahani ba wanda za'a iya ƙi ƙarƙashin tanadin ƙayyadaddun samfur.
Nisa daga cikin flange na carbon da gami karfe ba zai zama kasa da kashi.
| Waje Diamita | Nisa na Flange |
| Zuwa 2½in [63.5mm], gami da | 15% na OD |
| Sama da 2½ zuwa 3¾ [63.5 zuwa 95.2], ƙari | 12.5% na OD |
| Sama da 3¾ zuwa 8 [95.2 zuwa 203.2], inc | 15% na OD |
Juya Lalacewar Gwajin
Tsawon 5 in. [100 mm] na ƙãre bututun walda a cikin girma zuwa kuma gami da ½ in. [12.7 mm] a cikin diamita na waje za a raba a tsayin 90° a kowane gefen weld kuma samfurin ya buɗe kuma ya baje tare da weld a wurin iyakar lanƙwasa.
Ba za a sami wata shaida ta rashin shiga ko rugujewa ba sakamakon cire walƙiya a cikin walda.
Gwajin Tauri
Taurin bututu ba zai wuce ba72 HRBW.
Don bututu 0.200 a cikin [5.1 mm] kuma sama da kaurin bango, ko dai za a yi amfani da gwajin taurin Brinell ko Rockwell.
Ana yin gwajin wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi ko mara lalacewa akan kowane bututun ƙarfe.
Gwajin Hydrostatic
Thematsakaicin darajar matsa lambaya kamata a kiyaye aƙalla 5s ba tare da yabo ba.
Matsakaicin gwajin gwajin hydrostatic yana da alaƙa da diamita na waje da kauri na bangon bututu.Ana iya ƙididdige shi ta hanyar dabara.
Inci-Pound Raka'a: P = 32000 t/DorSI Raka'a: P = 220.6 t/D
P= matsin lamba na gwajin hydrostatic, psi ko MPa,
t= ƙayyadadden kauri na bango, ciki ko mm,
D= ƙayyadaddun diamita na waje, a cikin. ko mm.
Matsakaicin gwajin gwaji, don biyan bukatun da ke ƙasa.
| Wajen Diamita na Tube | Gwajin Hydrostatic, psi [MPa] | |
| OD 1 in | OD | 25.4 mm | 1000 [7] |
| 1≤ OD 1½ in | 25.4≤ OD 38.1 mm | 1500 [10] |
| 1½≤ OD 2 in | 38.≤ OD 50.8 mm | 2000 [14] |
| 2≤ OD3 inci | 50.8≤ OD ＜76.2 mm | 2500 [17] |
| 3≤ OD 5 in | 76.2≤ OD 127 mm | 3500 [24] |
| OD ≥5 in | OD ≥127 mm | 4500 [31] |
Gwajin Lantarki mara lalacewa
Kowace bututu za a bincika ta hanyoyin gwaji marasa lalacewa daidai da Ƙayyadaddun E213, Ƙayyadaddun E309 (kayan ferromagnetic), Ƙayyadaddun E426 (kayan da ba na maganadisu ba), ko Ƙayyadaddun E570.
An samo waɗannan bayanan daga ASTM A450 kuma sun cika buƙatun da suka dace don bututun ƙarfe na walda kawai.
Rage nauyi
0 - + 10%, babu karkata zuwa ƙasa.
Ana iya ƙididdige nauyin bututun ƙarfe ta hanyar dabara.
W = C (Dt)
W= nauyi, Ib/ft [kg/m],
C= 10.69 don Raka'a Inch [0.0246615 don Raka'a SI],
D= ƙayyadadden diamita na waje, a cikin. [mm],
t= ƙayyadadden ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun kauri na bango, a cikin. [mm].
Rage Kaurin bango
0 - +18%.
Bambancin kaurin bango na kowane sashe ɗaya na bututun ƙarfe 0.220 a [5.6 mm] da sama ba zai wuce ±5 % na ainihin matsakaicin kauri na wannan sashin ba.
Matsakaicin kaurin bango shine matsakaicin mafi kauri da kauri na bango a cikin sashin.
Bangaren Diamita na Waje
| Waje Diamita | Bambance-bambancen da aka halatta | ||
| in | mm | in | mm |
| OD ≤1 | OD ≤ 25.4 | ± 0.004 | ± 0.1 |
| 1 OD ≤1½ | 25.4 OD ≤38.4 | ± 0.006 | ± 0.15 |
| 1½＜ OD2 | 38.1 OD 50.8 | ± 0.008 | ± 0.2 |
| 2≤ OD 2½ | 50.8≤ OD | 63.5 | ± 0.010 | ± 0.25 |
| 2½≤ OD 3 | 63.5≤ OD ＜76.2 | ± 0.012 | ± 0.30 |
| 3≤ OD ≤4 | 76.2≤ OD ≤101.6 | ± 0.015 | ± 0.38 |
| 4 OD ≤7½ | 101.6 OD ≤190.5 | -0.025 - +0.015 | -0.64 - +0.038 |
| 7½＜ OD≤9 | 190.5 OD ≤228.6 | -0.045 - +0.015 | -1.14 - +0.038 |
Lubes da aka gama ba za su kasance marasa ma'auni ba.Kada a yi la'akari da ƙaramin adadin iskar oxygen a matsayin ma'auni.
Kowane bututu za a yi masa lakabi a fili tare dasunan masana'anta ko alamar, lambar ƙayyadaddun bayanai, da ERW.
Ana iya sanya sunan mai ƙira ko alamar ta dindindin akan kowane bututu ta hanyar mirgina ko tambarin haske kafin daidaitawa.
Idan an sanya tambari ɗaya a kan bututu da hannu, wannan alamar kada ta kasance ƙasa da inci 8. [200 mm] daga ƙarshen bututun.
Juriya ga yanayin zafi da matsi: Ƙarfin jure yanayin zafi da matsa lamba abu ne mai mahimmanci a cikin tsarin musayar zafi.
Kyakkyawan halayen thermal: Kayan aiki da tsarin masana'antu na wannan bututun ƙarfe yana tabbatar da kyakkyawan ingancin thermal don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ingantaccen musayar zafi.
Weldability: Wata fa'ida ita ce ana iya haɗa su da kyau ta hanyar walda, yin shigarwa da kulawa cikin sauƙi.
Ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin masu musanya zafi, na'urori masu ɗaukar zafi, da makamantan kayan canja wurin zafi.
1. Masu musayar zafi: A cikin matakai daban-daban na masana'antu, ana amfani da masu musayar zafi don canja wurin makamashin zafi daga wani ruwa (ruwa ko gas) zuwa wani ba tare da barin su su shiga kai tsaye ba.Ana amfani da bututun ƙarfe na ASTM A214 a cikin irin wannan nau'in kayan aiki saboda suna iya jure yanayin zafi da matsin lamba waɗanda zasu iya faruwa a cikin tsari.
2. Condensers: Ana amfani da na'urori masu yawa don cire zafi a cikin tafiyar matakai na sanyaya, misali a cikin firiji da tsarin sanyaya iska, ko don mayar da tururi zuwa ruwa a tashoshin wutar lantarki.Ana amfani da su a cikin waɗannan tsarin saboda kyawawan halayen zafi da ƙarfin injin su.
3. Kayan aikin musayar zafi: Hakanan ana amfani da irin wannan nau'in bututun ƙarfe a cikin wasu kayan aikin musayar zafi kamar na'urorin musayar zafi da na'urorin dakon zafi, kamar masu fitar da iska da sanyaya.
ASTM A179: shi ne mai sanyi mai laushi mai taushin ƙarfe mai musanya zafi da bututu mai ɗaukar zafi.Yawanci ana amfani da shi a aikace-aikace masu kamanceceniya da aikace-aikace, kamar masu musanya zafi da na'urori masu ɗaukar hoto.Duk da cewa A179 ba ta da matsala, tana ba da kaddarorin musayar zafi iri ɗaya.
ASTM A178: Yana rufe juriya-welded carbon da carbon-manganese karfe tukunyar jirgi bututu.Ana amfani da waɗannan bututun a cikin tukunyar jirgi da manyan dumama, kuma ana iya amfani da su a aikace-aikacen musayar zafi tare da buƙatu iri ɗaya, musamman ma inda ake buƙatar membobi masu walda.
ASTM A192: yana rufe bututun tukunyar jirgi na carbon karfe maras kyau don sabis na matsin lamba.Duk da yake waɗannan bututun da aka yi niyya da farko don amfani da su a cikin matsanancin yanayi da yanayin zafi, kayan su da tsarin masana'antu sun sa su dace don amfani da sauran kayan aikin canja wurin zafi da ke buƙatar matsa lamba da juriya na zafin jiki.
Mu ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun masana'anta ce kuma masu siyarwa daga China, har ila yau, ƙwararrun ƙwararrun bututun ƙarfe mara nauyi, suna ba ku nau'ikan mafita na bututun ƙarfe!
Don kowace tambaya ko don ƙarin koyo game da abubuwan da muke bayarwa, kar a yi shakka a tuntuɓe mu.Mafi kyawun mafitacin bututun ƙarfe ɗinku saƙo ne kawai!
