Abin da ake kiragami karfe bututushine ƙara wasu abubuwan gami akan tushen carbon karfe, kamar Si, Mn, W, V, Ti, Cr, Ni, Mo, da sauransu, waɗanda zasu iya haɓaka ƙarfi, tauri, taurin, walda, da sauransu. karfe.yi.Ana iya rarraba ƙarfen ƙarfe bisa ga abubuwan da ke cikin abubuwan gami, kuma a cikin samar da masana'antu da rayuwa, za a yi amfani da ƙarfe na ƙarfe a wasu masana'antu na musamman, kuma an saba rarraba bisa ga manufar.
Rarraba bisa ga abun ciki na alloying abubuwa
Low alloy karfe: jimlar adadin gami bai wuce 5% ba;
Matsakaici gami karfe: jimlar adadin gami shine 5 ~ 10%;
Babban gami karfe: jimlar adadin gami ya fi 10%.
Rarraba ta manufa
Alloy tsarin karfe: low gami tsarin karfe (kuma aka sani da talakawa low gami karfe);gami carburizing karfe, gami quenched da tempered karfe, gami spring karfe;karfe mai ɗaukar ball
Alloy kayan aiki karfe: gami yankan kayan aiki karfe (ciki har da low alloy sabon kayan aiki karfe, high-gudun karfe);gami mutu karfe (ciki har da sanyi mutu karfe, zafi mutu karfe);karfe don auna kayan aikin
Karfe na musamman: bakin karfe, karfe mai jure zafi, karfe mai jurewa, da dai sauransu.
Alloy karfe lambar
Low gami high ƙarfi tsarin karfe
An tsara sunanta bisa tsari ta sassa uku: harafin pinyin na Sinanci (Q) wanda ke wakiltar ma'aunin yawan amfanin ƙasa, ƙimar ƙimar yawan amfanin ƙasa, da alamar inganci (A, B, C, D, E).Alal misali, Q390A yana nufin ƙananan ƙarfe mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi tare da ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa σs = 390N/mm2 da ingancin sa A.
Alloy tsarin karfe
Sunan tambarin ta ya ƙunshi sassa uku: "lambobi biyu, alamomin kashi goma + lambobi".Lambobin farko guda biyu suna wakiltar sau 10,000 madaidaicin juzu'in iskar carbon a cikin karfe, alamar sigar tana nuna abubuwan haɗakarwa da ke cikin ƙarfe, kuma lambobin da ke bayan alamar element suna nuna sau 100 matsakaita juzu'i na adadin.Lokacin da matsakaita juzu'i na abubuwan haɗakarwa bai wuce 1.5% ba, gabaɗaya abubuwan kawai ana nuna su amma ba ƙimar lambobi ba;lokacin da matsakaita juzu'i shine ≥1.5%, ≥2.5%, ≥3.5%, ..., 2 da 3 suna daidai da alama a bayan abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, 4, ...Misali, 40Cr yana da matsakaita juzu'i na adadin carbon Wc=0.4%, da matsakaicin juzu'in chromium taro WCr <1.5%.Idan karfe ne mai inganci mai daraja, ƙara "A" a ƙarshen sa.Misali, 38CrMoAlA karfe nasa ne na babban ingancin gami da tsarin karfe.
Karfe mai ɗaukar nauyi
Ƙara "G" (harafin farko na pinyin Sinanci na kalmar "roll") a gaban sunan alamar, kuma lambar da ke bayanta tana nuna yawan juzu'in chromium sau dubu, kuma ba a yi alama ga yawan juzu'in carbon ba. .Misali, karfe GCr15 karfe ne mai juyi tare da matsakaita juzu'i na chromium WCr=1.5%.Idan chromium bearing karfe ya ƙunshi abubuwan haɗaɗɗun abubuwa ban da chromium, hanyar bayyanar da waɗannan abubuwan iri ɗaya ne da na tsarin ƙarfe na gama-gari.Rolling bearing steels duk manyan karafa ne masu inganci, amma ba a kara "A" bayan darasi.
Alloy kayan aiki karfe
Bambanci tsakanin hanyar ƙididdige nau'in nau'in karfe da tsarin ƙarfe na alloy shine cewa lokacin da Wc<1%, ana amfani da lambobi ɗaya don nuna sau dubun adadin adadin carbon;lokacin da yawan juzu'i na carbon shine ≥1%, ba a yi alama ba.Misali, Cr12MoV karfe yana da matsakaicin adadin carbon taro na Wc = 1.45% ~ 1.70%, don haka ba a yi masa alama ba; matsakaicin matsakaicin adadin Cr shine 12%, kuma yawan juzu'i na Mo da V duka sun kasa da 1.5% .Wani misali shi ne 9SiCr karfe, matsakaicin Wc = 0.9%, kuma matsakaicin WCr shine <1.5% .Duk da haka, karfen kayan aiki mai sauri shine banda, kuma matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙwayar carbon ɗin sa ba a alama komai nawa ne. gami kayan aiki karfe da high-gudun kayan aiki karfe ne high-sa high quality-karfe, babu bukatar alama "A" bayan sa.
Bakin karfe da karfe mai jure zafi
Adadin da ke gaban irin wannan nau'in nau'in karfe yana nuna sau dubun adadin adadin carbon.Misali, 3Crl3 karfe yana nufin cewa matsakaita yawan juzu'i Wc = 0.3%, da matsakaicin matsakaicin adadin WCr = 13%.Lokacin da yawan adadin carbon Wc ≤ 0.03% da Wc ≤ 0.08%, ana nuna shi ta "00" kuma "0" a gaban iri, kamar 00Cr17Ni14Mo2,0Cr19Ni9 karfe, da dai sauransu.
Lokacin aikawa: Maris 13-2023