Bututun karfe wani nau'in karfe ne da ake amfani da shi don kera tsarin sufuri na man fetur da iskar gas.A matsayin kayan aikin sufuri mai nisa don mai da iskar gas, tsarin bututun yana da fa'ida ta tattalin arziki, aminci da katsewa.
Bututun karfe aikace-aikace
Bututun karfesamfurin siffofin hada da sumul karfe bututu da welded karfe bututu, wanda za a iya raba uku Categories: mai tsayi, high-sulfur yankunan da seabed kwanciya.Waɗannan bututu tare da matsananci aiki yanayi da dogon Lines kuma ba su da sauki a kula, kuma suna da m ingancin bukatun.
Kalubalan da karafan bututun mai ke fuskanta sun hada da: galibin filayen mai da iskar gas suna cikin yankunan polar, tudun kankara, sahara, da teku, kuma yanayin yanayi yana da tsauri; ko don inganta haɓakar sufuri, diamita na bututun yana karuwa akai-akai, kuma matsin lamba yana karuwa akai-akai.
Pipeline Karfe Properties
Daga m kimantawa na ci gaban Trend na man fetur da kuma iskar gas bututu, bututun kwanciya yanayi, babban gazawar halaye da kuma gazawar haddasawa, bututun karfe kamata da kyau inji Properties ( lokacin farin ciki bango, high ƙarfi, high tauri, sa juriya), kuma ya kamata kuma suna da manyan diamita, Ya kamata kuma da manyan diamita, weldability, sanyi da kuma low zazzabi juriya, lalata juriya (CO2), jure wa seawater da HIC yi, da dai sauransu.
① Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi
Bututun ƙarfe ba wai kawai yana buƙatar ƙarfin ƙarfi mai ƙarfi da ƙarfin samar da ƙarfi ba, amma kuma yana buƙatar ƙimar yawan amfanin ƙasa ya kasance cikin kewayon 0.85 ~ 0.93.
② Babban tasiri tauri
babban tasiri tauri zai iya saduwa da bukatun hana fasa.
③ Low ductile-gaggautsa zafin jiki
Yankuna masu ƙarfi da yanayin yanayi suna buƙatar bututun ƙarfe don samun isassun ƙarancin ductile-gaggawa canjin yanayin zafin jiki. Yankin ƙarfi na DWTT (Drop Weight Tear Test) ya zama babban maƙasudin kulawa don hana gazawar bututun bututun. Babban ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bututun ya kamata ya zama ≥85% a mafi ƙarancin zafin aiki.
④ Kyakkyawan juriya ga fashewar hydrogen-induced (HIC) da sulfide stress corrosion cracking (SSCC)
⑤ Kyakkyawan aikin walda
Kyakkyawan weldability na karfe yana da matukar muhimmanci don tabbatar da mutunci da ingancin walda na bututun.
Ka'idojin Bututun Karfe
A halin yanzu, manyan ma'auni na fasaha na jigilar mai da iskar gas da ake amfani da su a cikin ƙasata sun haɗa daAPI 5L, DNV-OS-F101, ISO 3183, da GB/T 9711, da dai sauransu. Yanayin gaba ɗaya shine kamar haka:
① API 5L ( ƙayyadaddun bututun layi) ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai ne wanda Cibiyar Maine ta Maine ta tsara.
② DNV-OS-F101 (tsarin bututun da ke karkashin ruwa) keɓancewa ne na musamman da Det Norske Veritas ya ƙera don bututun da ke ƙarƙashin ruwa.
③ TS ISO 3183 ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙa'idodin ƙasa ne na isar da bututun ƙarfe don watsa mai da iskar gas. Wannan ma'auni bai ƙunshi ƙirar bututun mai da shigarwa ba.
④ Sabuwar sigar GB / T 9711 ita ce nau'in 2017. Wannan sigar ta dogara ne akan ISO 3183: 2012 da API Spec 5L 45th Edition. bisa duka biyu. A cikin layi tare da ka'idodi guda biyu da aka ambata, an ƙayyade matakan ƙayyadaddun samfur guda biyu: PSL1 da PSL2.PSL1 yana ba da daidaitaccen matakin ingancin layin bututu; PSL2 yana ƙara buƙatun wajibai waɗanda suka haɗa da abun cikin sinadarai, ƙaƙƙarfan ƙima, kaddarorin ƙarfi da ƙarin gwaji marasa lalacewa (NDT).
API SPEC 5L da ISO 3183 ƙayyadaddun bututun layi ne masu tasiri na duniya. Sabanin haka, yawancin kamfanonin mai a duniya sun saba yin amfani da suAPI SPEC 5L ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bututun bututun bututun siyan bututu.
Bayanin oda
Kwangilar kwangilar odar bututun ƙarfe ya kamata ya haɗa da bayanan masu zuwa:
① Yawan (jimlar taro ko jimlar bututun ƙarfe);
② Matsayin al'ada (PSL1 ko PSL2);
③Bututun ƙarfenau'in (lalata kowelded bututu, takamaiman tsarin waldawa, nau'in ƙarshen bututu;
④ Bisa ga ma'auni, kamar GB/T 9711-2017;
⑤ karfe sa;
⑥ Diamita na waje da kauri na bango;
⑦ Nau'in tsayi da tsayi (ba a yanke ko yanke);
⑧ Ƙayyade buƙatar yin amfani da kari.
Karfe bututu maki da karfe maki (GB/T 9711-2017)
| Karfe na al'ada | karfe bututu daraja | darajar karfe |
| PSL1 | L175 | A25 |
| L175P | A25P | |
| L210 | A | |
| L245 | B | |
| L290 | X42 | |
| L320 | X46 | |
| L360 | X52 | |
| L390 | X56 | |
| L415 | X60 | |
| L450 | X65 | |
| L485 | X70 | |
| PSL2 | L245R | BR |
| L290R | X42R | |
| L245N | BN | |
| L290N | X42N | |
| L320N | X46N | |
| L360N | X52N | |
| L390N | X56N | |
| L415N | X60N | |
| L245Q | BQ | |
| L290Q | X42Q | |
| L320Q | X46Q | |
| L360Q | X52Q | |
| L390Q | X56Q | |
| L415Q | X60Q | |
| L450Q | X65Q | |
| L485Q | X70Q | |
| L555Q | X80Q | |
| L625Q | X90Q | |
| L690Q | X100M | |
| L245M | BM | |
| L290M | X42M | |
| L320M | X46M | |
| L360M | X52M | |
| L390M | X56M | |
| L415M | X60M | |
| L450M | X65M | |
| L485M | X70M | |
| L555M | X80M | |
| L625M | X90M | |
| L690M | X100M | |
| L830M | X120M |
Lokacin aikawa: Janairu-30-2023