ASTM A106he paipu kilapaipu kila kalaponakūpono no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma nā wahi wela kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe.Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia ma nā ʻano he nui e like me ka ʻoihana aila a me ke kinoea, nā mea kanu mana a me nā mea kanu kemika.
I ke ʻano wae,ASTM A106 Papa BʻOi aku ka kaulana o ka paipu no nā noi he nui ma muli o kona hiki ke hoʻokō i nā koi hana mechanical o ka hapa nui o nā mīkini hana a me kona hiki.
ASME SA106 = ASTM A106.
Ua like ka ASME SA106 a me ka ASTM A106 ma ke ʻano o nā mea waiwai a me nā waiwai, a loaʻa nā koi maʻamau like ʻole, akā pili i nā hui hoʻolaha maʻamau a hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻokō i nā ʻōnaehana hōʻoia like ʻole.
Anawaena inoa inoa: DN 6 - DN 1200 [NPS 1/8 - NPS 48];
Anawaena waho: 10.3 - 1219 mm [0.405 - 48 iniha];
Mānoanoa pāe like me ka mea i hoikeia maASME B 36.10.
ʻO nā papa mānoanoa pā maʻamauPapa 40aPapa 80.
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā nui paipu ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka maʻamau, inā e kūpono ia i nā koi ʻē aʻe a pau o kēia code.
ʻO kaASTM A106ʻekolu mau māka ʻokoʻa ka standard,Papa A, Papa B, a me ka Papa C.
Hoʻonui ka ikaika a me ka ikaika tensile me ka papa, i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻokō i nā ʻano hoʻohana like ʻole.
E pepehi ʻia ke kila.
E hana ʻia ka paipu kila ASTM A106 me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahikaʻina hana ʻole.
Ma muli o ka nui o ka paipu a me ka noi kikoʻī, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i lokohoʻopau welaahuki anuʻano ʻano.
DN ≤ 40 [NPS ≤ 1 1/2], hiki ke hoʻopau wela a i ʻole huki anu, huki ʻia ka nui.
E wela ka DN ≥ 50 [NPS ≥ 2].Loaʻa nō hoʻi nā paipu kila liʻiliʻi i huki ʻia i ke anu ma ke noi.
Aia ma lalo iho kahi kiʻi schematic o ke kaʻina hana o ka paipu kila seamless wela i hoʻopau ʻia.
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā schematics flow chart hana anu anuanu ma ke kaomi ʻanaʻO ASTM A556 Nā Paipu kila maʻemaʻe ʻole.
ʻO nā paipu kila maʻemaʻe ʻole i hoʻopau wela a huki ʻia i ke anu i loaʻa nā waiwai mechanical, ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili, a me ka pololei o ke ana me ka ʻokoʻa.
Hana ʻia nā paipu wela i nā wela kiʻekiʻe a ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī akā ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka ʻili a me ka pololei haʻahaʻa;ʻoiai ua hana ʻia nā paipu anuanu e ka deformation plastic ma ka lumi wela a ʻoi aku ka ikaika, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili, a me ka mana ʻoi aku ka pololei, e kūpono ana ia no nā noi e koi ana i ka pololei a me ka hana.
Huki anupono e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā paipu ma1200°F [650 °C]a i ʻole ma hope o ka huki anu hope.
Hoʻopau welaʻAʻole pono ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa wela i nā paipu kila.
Inā makemake ʻia ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa wela no ka paipu kila i hoʻopau ʻia, ʻoi aku ka mahana o ka wela wela ma luna1500°F [650°C].
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka wela i ka microstructure o ka paipu, hoʻomaikaʻi i nā waiwai mechanical, hoʻonui i ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka machinability, hōʻoia i ke kūpaʻa dimensional, a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā koi o nā kūlana kikoʻī, no laila e hoʻonui nui ai i ka hana holoʻokoʻa a me ke kūpono o ka paipu.
a No kēlā me kēia hōʻemi o 0.01 % ma lalo o ka nui kalapona i ʻōlelo ʻia, e ʻae ʻia ka piʻi ʻana o 0.06 % manganese ma luna o ka palena kiʻekiʻe a hiki i ka 1.35%.
b Inā ʻaʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia e ka mea kūʻai aku, no kēlā me kēia hōʻemi o 0.01% ma lalo o ka nui kalapona i ʻōlelo ʻia, e ʻae ʻia ka piʻi ʻana o 0.06% manganese ma luna o ka palena kiʻekiʻe a hiki i ka 1.65%.
cʻAʻole pono ʻo Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, a me V ma mua o 1% o ka nui o kēia mau mea ʻelima.
Papa A, B a me Cʻokoʻa i kā lākou hoʻohui kemika, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kalapona a me ka manganese.
Hoʻopili kēia mau ʻokoʻa i nā waiwai mechanical a me nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻohana o nā paipu.ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kalapona, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka paipu, akā hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia ka paʻakikī.ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka mea manganese e kōkua i ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī o ke kila.
Waiwai Tensile
A: E hoʻoholo ʻia ka elongation liʻiliʻi ma ka 2 in. [50 mm] e ka hoohalike penei:
ʻāpana ʻīniha paona:e = 625,000A0.2/UO.9
Nā ʻāpana Sl:e = 1940A0.2/U0.9
e: ka lōʻihi liʻiliʻi ma 2 in. [50 mm], %, hoʻopuni ʻia i ka 0.5% kokoke loa,
A: ʻāpana keʻa o ka ʻāpana hoʻāʻo hoʻopaʻapaʻa, in.2[mm2], ma muli o ke anawaena o waho i ʻōlelo ʻia a i ʻole ka laulā kikoʻī i koho ʻia a me ka mānoanoa pā i kuhikuhi ʻia, hoʻopuni ʻia i ka 0.01 in.2[1 mm2].
(Inā like ka ʻāpana i helu ʻia a ʻoi aku paha ma mua o 0.75 in2[500 mm2], a laila ka waiwai 0.75 in2[500 mm2] e hoʻohana ʻia.),
U: ka ikaika tensile i kuhikuhi ʻia, psi [MPa].
Ho'āʻo Kulou
No nā paipu DN 50 [NPS 2] a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi, e lawa ka lōʻihi o ka paipu e ʻae i ke anu anuanu o ka paipu ma o 90° me ka ʻole o ka pohā ʻana a puni kahi mandrel cylindrical me ke anawaena he 12 manawa o ke anawaena o waho o ka paipu.
No ka OD > 25in.[635mm], inā ʻo OD/T ≤ 7, pono ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e kūlou i ka 180° me ka ʻole o ka pohā i ka wela o ka lumi.ʻO ke anawaena o loko o ka ʻāpana piko he 1 iniha.
Ho'āʻo palahalaha
ʻAʻole pono ka ASTM A106 seamless steel pipe e hoʻāʻo ʻia, akā pono ka hana o ka paipu i nā koi kūpono.
Inā ʻaʻole i koi ʻia, pono e hoʻāʻo ʻia kēlā me kēia paipu i ka wai a i ʻole hoʻāʻo ʻia i ka uila, a i kekahi manawa ʻelua.
Inā ʻaʻole i hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻāʻo hydrostatic a i ʻole ka hoʻāʻo ʻole, e hōʻailona ʻia ka paipu me "NH”.
Hoʻāʻo Hydrostatic
ʻAʻole emi ka waiwai o ke kaomi wai ma mua o 60% o ka ikaika hoʻohua haʻahaʻa i kuhikuhi ʻia.
Hiki ke helu ʻia ma ke ʻano penei:
P = 2St/D
P = kaomi ho'āʻo hydrostatic i psi a i ʻole MPa,
S = ke koʻikoʻi o ka paia paipu i ka psi a i ʻole MPa,
t = ka mānoanoa o ka paia i koho ʻia, ka mānoanoa o ka pā i koho ʻia e pili ana i ka helu ANSI i kuhikuhi ʻia, a i ʻole 1.143 manawa o ka mānoanoa liʻiliʻi o ka pā i ʻōlelo ʻia, in. [mm],
D = anawaena waho i hoakakaia, anawaena o waho e pili ana i ka nui paipu ANSI i hoakakaia, a i ole ke anawaena o waho i heluia ma ka hoonui ana i 2t (e like me ka hoakaka ana maluna) i ka anawaena o loko i hoakakaia, in. [mm].
Inā hana ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke kaomi wai, e kaha ʻia ka paipu kila me kakaomi hoʻāʻo.
Hoao Uila Nondestructive
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he koho no ka hoʻāʻo hydrostatic.
ʻO ke kino holoʻokoʻa o kēlā me kēia paipu e hoʻokō ʻia i kahi hoʻāʻo uila non-destructive e like meE213, E309, a i ʻoleE570kikoʻī.
Inā ua hana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo nondesstructive, "NDE” e hōʻike ʻia ma ka ʻili o ka paipu.
Mass
Pono ka nui maoli o ka paipu ma ka laulā o97.5% - 110%o ka nuipa i hoakakaia.
Anawaena waho
mānoanoa
ʻO ka mānoanoa o ka pā liʻiliʻi = 87.5% o ka mānoanoa pā i kuhikuhi ʻia.
Nā lōʻihi
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i lokoʻōlelo ʻia ka lōʻihi, ka lōʻihi like ʻole, aka lōʻihi pālua.
ʻIke ʻia ka lōʻihi: e like me ke kauoha.
Hoʻokahi wale nō lōʻihi: 4.8-6.7 m [16-22ft].
Ua ʻae ʻia ka 5% o ka lōʻihi ma lalo o 4.8 m [16 ft], akā ʻaʻole pōkole ma mua o 3.7 m [12 ft].
ʻElua mau lōʻihi like ʻole: ʻO 10.7 m [35 ft] ka lōʻihi haʻahaʻa loa a he 6.7 m [22 ft] ka liʻiliʻi loa.
ʻElima pākēneka o ka lōʻihi e ʻae ʻia e emi iho ma mua o 6.7 m [22 ft], akā ʻaʻole pōkole ma mua o 4.8 m [16 ft].
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka paipu kila ASTM A106 i nā noi ʻoihana he nui ma muli o kona kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe i nā wela kiʻekiʻe a me nā kaomi.
1. ʻOihana ʻaila a me ke kinoea: Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka paipu kila ASTM A106 i nā pipeline ʻaila a me ke kinoea lōʻihi, nā lako wili, a me nā refineries, kahi e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai kona kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe i ka palekana a me ka hilinaʻi i nā wahi paʻakikī.
2. Nā mea kanu mana: Hoʻohana ʻia i loko o ka wela kiʻekiʻe, kiʻekiʻe-pressure boiler paipa, nā mea hoʻololi wela, a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻopuka mokuahi kiʻekiʻe e hāʻawi i ka hana paʻa a me ke ola lawelawe ma lalo o nā kūlana koʻikoʻi.
3. Mea kanu kemika: ASTM A106 steel tubing ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka kemikala mea kanu no ka paipu nenoaiu no kiʻekiʻe-press reactors, kaomi moku, distillation hale kiaʻi, a me condensers, kahi e hiki ke ku e kiʻekiʻe wela a me ka corrosive kemika e hōʻoia i ka hana palekana a me ka pono.
4. Nā hale a me nā mea hana: Hoʻohanaʻia i ka hoʻomehanaʻana, ka hoʻouluʻana, a me ka ea (HVAC) a me nā'ōnaehana pale ahi kiʻekiʻe e hōʻoia i ka hana maikaʻi a me ka palekana o nā pūnaewele i nā hale.
ASTM A53 Papa BaAPI 5L Papa B ʻO nā koho maʻamau i ka ASTM A106 Grade B.
Ma ka hōʻailonaʻana i ka paipu kila maʻemaʻe,ʻike pinepine mākou i ka paipu kila e kū ana i kēia mau kūlanaʻekolu i ka manawa hoʻokahi, e hōʻike ana he kūlana kiʻekiʻe ko lākou e pili ana i ka hoʻohui kemika, nā mea mechanical, a pēlā aku.
Ma waho aʻe o nā mea maʻamau i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, aia kekahi mau kūlana ʻē aʻe e like me ASTM A106 ma ke ʻano o ka haku mele a me nā waiwai mechanical.
GB/T 5310: E noi i ka paipu kila maʻemaʻe no ka paila kiʻekiʻe.
JIS G3454: No ka paipu kila kalapona no ka paipu kaomi.
JIS G3455: He kūpono no ka paipu kila kalapona no nā paipu kiʻekiʻe.
JIS G3456: Na paipu kila kalapona no na paipu wela wela.
EN 10216-2: Nā paipu kila maʻemaʻe ʻole no nā noi wela kiʻekiʻe.
EN 10217-2: Nā paipu kila welded no nā noi wela kiʻekiʻe.
GOST 8732: ʻO nā paipu kila i'ōwiliʻia me ka wela wela no nā noi kiʻekiʻe a me ka wela.
ʻO kēlā me kēia pūʻulu o ka ASTM A106 seamless steel pipe ua nānā pono ʻia iā ʻoe iho a i ʻole nā mea ʻike ʻoihana ʻekolu ma mua o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka hale hana, ʻo ia kā mākou koi ʻana i ka maikaʻi a me kā mākou hoʻololi ʻole ʻana i nā mea kūʻai.
Nānā Anawaena waho
Nānā Mānoanoa Pā
Nānā pololei
Nānā UT
Hoʻopau i ka nānā ʻana
Nānā Hiʻona
ʻOiai e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka maikaʻi o kā mākou huahana, hāʻawi pū mākou i nā koho hoʻopihapiha like ʻole e hoʻokō i nā pono o ka halihali a me ka mālama ʻana.Mai ke kāʻei kuʻuna a hiki i ka hoʻopili pale maʻamau, ua paʻa mākou i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka pale maikaʻi loa no kēlā me kēia hoʻouna ʻana o nā paipu kila e hōʻoia i ka hōʻea ʻana iā ʻoe me ka palekana a me ka ʻole o ka pōʻino.
Pena ʻeleʻele
Pa'i Pa'i
3LPE
Mea hoʻopili
Galvanized
Huipu a me ka maʻa
ʻAʻole ʻike wale kēia mau loiloi i ka maikaʻi o kā mākou huahana akā ʻo kā mākou hoʻokō lawelawe pū kekahi.Ke kakali nei mākou i ka hui pū ʻana me ʻoe e hāʻawi i nā ʻōnaehana paipu kila ASTM A106 GR.B kūpono loa no kāu mau papahana me ka lawelawe ʻoihana a maikaʻi.
Mai kona hoʻokumu ʻana i ka makahiki 2014,Ke kila Botopua lilo i mea hoʻolako alakaʻi o ka paipu kila kalapona ma Northern China, i ʻike ʻia no ka lawelawe maikaʻi loa, nā huahana kiʻekiʻe, a me nā hāʻina piha.
Hāʻawi ka hui i nā ʻano paipu kila kalapona a me nā huahana pili, me ka seamless, ERW, LSAW, a me ka paipu kila SSAW, a me ka laina piha o nā paipu paipu a me nā flanges.ʻO kāna mau huahana kūikawā pū kekahi me nā mea kila kiʻekiʻe a me nā austenitic stainless steel, i hana ʻia e hoʻokō i nā koi o nā papahana pipeline like ʻole.
ASTM A53 Gr.A &Gr.B Paipu kila maʻemaʻe ʻole carbon no ka paipu aila a me ke kinoea
ʻO ASTM A556 Nā Paipu Pumehana Meaʻai Meaʻai Meaʻai Kūlohelohe
ASTM A334 Papa 1 Carbon Seamless Steel Paipu
ASTM A519 Carbon Me Alloy Seamless Steel Mechanical Pipe
ʻO JIS G3455 STS370 Pipe kila maʻemaʻe ʻole no ka lawelawe ʻoi kiʻekiʻe
ASTM A192 Boiler Carbon Steel Tubes No ka Pumi Kiekie
ʻO JIS G 3461 STB340 Paipu Pahu ʻAla ʻAla ʻole
AS 1074 Na Paipu kila maʻemaʻe no ka lawelawe maʻamau
API 5L GR.B Paʻa kaumaha mānoanoa o ka paipu kila maʻemaʻe no ka hana ʻenehana
ASTM A53 Gr.A &Gr.B Paipu kila maʻemaʻe ʻole carbon no ka paipu aila a me ke kinoea
