He kūlana maʻamau ka hana kuʻuna i ka hana ʻana i nā metala, inā paha he kila kila i hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea lapaʻau a i ʻole iʻa iʻa, kekahi o nā hanauna o nā kila hana kiʻekiʻe i kūkulu ʻia i nā makahiki i hala iho nei no ka ʻoihana kaʻa, a i ʻole nā metala e like me ka alumini a titanium.nona ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe i ka ratio paona a me ke kūpaʻa corrosion kiʻekiʻe e kūpono loa ia no nā noi i ka aerospace, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe aila a me nā ʻoihana kemika.
Hoʻohana like ia i kekahi mau mea hao kalapona, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻāpana me kekahi ʻano kalapona a me ka manganese.Ma muli o ka nui o nā mea hoʻohui, ua kūpono kekahi o lākou no ka hana ʻananā lehelehe, nā lakoapaipui loko o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kemika a me ka aila. Hoʻokahi mea like lākou a pau: ʻo nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia mau noi pono e lawa ka ductile e pale aku i ka haki ʻana a me ke koʻikoʻi corrosion cracking (SCC).
Nā hui kūlana e like me ka American Society of Manufacturing Engineers (ASME) a me ASTM Intl.(ʻike mua ʻia ʻo ka American Society for Testing and Materials) hāʻawi i ke alakaʻi i kēia ʻano.ʻElua mau code ʻoihana pili-ASME Boilera me ka Moku Paʻi (BPVD) Mahele VIII, Māhele 1, a me ASME B31.3, Ke Kaʻina Hana Piping - ʻōlelo i ke kila kalapona (kekahi mea i loaʻa 0.29% a 0.54% kalapona a me 0.60% a 1.65% manganese, hao i loko o nā mea).hiki ke maʻalahi no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā piʻi wela, nā ʻāina haʻahaʻa a me nā mahana haʻahaʻa e like me -20 degere Fahrenheit.Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana i ka mahana ambient ua alakaʻi i ka nānā pono ʻana i nā nui a me nā ʻāpana o nā ʻano microalloying like ʻole i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana o ia mau flanges, nā mea pono a me paipu kila api.
A hiki i kēia manawa, ʻaʻole koi ʻo ASME a i ʻole ASTM i ka hoʻāʻo hopena e hōʻoia i ka ductility o nā huahana kila kalapona i hoʻohana ʻia ma nā mahana haʻahaʻa e like me -20 degere Fahrenheit.ʻO ka hoʻoholo e haʻalele i kekahi mau huahana e pili ana i nā waiwai mōʻaukala o ka mea.No ka laʻana, inā ʻo -20 degere Fahrenheit ka palena haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa hoʻolālā hoʻolālā metala, ʻaʻole ia mai ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka hopena ma muli o kāna hana kuʻuna ma ia mau noi.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Apr-19-2023