ASTM A335 P11steel yeeb nkab yog seamless ferritic low alloy steel yeeb nkab rau kev pabcuam kub, UNS xaiv K11597.
P11 yog chromium-molybdenum alloy nrog cov ntsiab lus chromium ntawm 1.00-1.50% thiab molybdenum cov ntsiab lus ntawm 0.44-0.65%.
Nws yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv boilers, superheaters, thiab tshav kub exchangers nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim noj thiab tshuaj nroj tsuag.
Cov txheej txheem kev cai ntawmASME SA335thiabASTM A335 Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeebyog tib yam, yog li kom yooj yim ntawm kev nthuav qhia, peb yuav siv "ASTM A335" los hais txog ob tus qauv no.
Khoom sivl: ASTM A335 P11 seamless steel yeeb nkab;
ODLoj: 1/8 "- 24";
WT: raws liASME B36.10cov cai;
Teem caijSCH10, SCH20, SCH30, NPESCH40, SCH60,SCH80, SCH100, SCH120, SCH140 thiab SCH160;
Kev txheeb xyuas: STD, XS, XXS;
Kev kho kom haum: Tsis yog-tus qauv yeeb nkab qhov ntau thiab tsawg kuj muaj, customized qhov ntau thiab tsawg yog muaj raws li qhov kev thov;
Ntev: Tshwj xeeb thiab random ntev;
Daim ntawv pov thawj IBR: Peb tuaj yeem tiv tauj lub koom haum soj ntsuam thib peb kom tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj IBR raws li koj xav tau, peb cov koom haum soj ntsuam kev koom tes yog BV, SGS, TUV, thiab lwm yam;
Xaus: Flat kawg, beveled, los yog composite yeeb nkab kawg;
Nto: Lub teeb yeeb nkab, pleev xim, thiab lwm yam kev tiv thaiv ib ntus, tshem tawm xeb thiab polishing, galvanized thiab yas coated, thiab lwm yam kev tiv thaiv mus ntev;
Ntim: Ntoo rooj plaub, steel siv los yog steel hlau packing, yas los yog hlau yeeb nkab kawg tiv thaiv, thiab lwm yam.
Tshwj tsis yog txwv tsis pub teev nyob rau hauv A335, cov ntaub ntawv uas tau muab tso rau hauv qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb no yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm cov ntawv qhia tshwj xeeb tam sim no.A999/A999M.
ASTM A335 steel yeeb nkab yuav tsum yogseamless.Seamless steel tubes muab kev ntseeg siab ntau dua thiab sib xws thaum raug kev kub siab thiab kub ib puag ncig.
Seamless tuaj yeem raug categorized raws li txias kos thiab kub tiav, nyob ntawm seb daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb thiab qhov loj me.
Kev kos duab txias feem ntau yog siv rau cov kab me me los yog rau cov raj uas yuav tsum tau muaj qhov siab thiab qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw.Cov xov kub kub feem ntau yog siv los tsim cov kav dej loj ncaj thiab tuab-walled steel kav.
Hauv qab no yog daim ntawv qhia ntws ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom kub-tiav seamless steel yeeb nkab.
Kev kho cua sov ntawm P11 cov ntaub ntawv yuav yog tag nrho lossis isothermal annealing lossis tempering tom qab normalizing, thiab thaum normalizing thiab tempering, tempering kub yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog 1200 ° F (650 ° C).
Los ntawm cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg, peb tuaj yeem pom tau yooj yimP11 yog chromium-molybdenum alloy.
Chromium-molybdenum alloys yog ib chav kawm ntawm cov hlau nrog chromium (Cr) thiab molybdenum (Mo) ua cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb.Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov ntsiab lus no ua rau muaj zog, hardness, hnav tsis kam, thiab corrosion kuj ntawm cov hlau.Thaum qhov kub thiab txias, Cr-Mo alloys muaj peev xwm tswj tau cov khoom zoo thiab cov qauv ruaj khov.
Cr: txhim kho oxidation tsis kam thiab corrosion kuj ntawm alloy, pab tsim kom muaj zog oxide zaj duab xis, thiab tiv thaiv cov khoom ntawm corrosive media.
Mo: Txhim khu lub zog ntawm cov hlau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias, txhim kho creep tsis kam, thiab txhim khu lub zog kub ntawm cov khoom.
1. Tensile Property
Kev ntsuas tensile feem ntau yog siv los ntsuas qhovyield zog, tensile zog, thiabelongationn ntawm cov yeeb nkab steel kev sim, thiab yog siv dav hauv cov khoom siv ntawm qhov kev sim.
ATable 5 muab cov nqi tsawg kawg nkaus uas xam tau.
Qhov twg phab ntsa thickness nyob nruab nrab ntawm ob qhov tseem ceeb saum toj no, qhov tsawg kawg nkaus elongation tus nqi yog txiav txim los ntawm cov qauv hauv qab no:
Ntev, P11: E = 48t + 15.00 [E = 1.87t + 15.00]
Transverse, P11: E = 32t + 15.00 [E = 1.25t + 15.00]
qhov twg:
E = elongation hauv 2 nti lossis 50 mm, %,
t = tiag thickness ntawm specimens, in. [mm].
2. Hardness
Qib P11 yeeb nkab tsis tas yuav tsum tau kuaj hardness.
Tus nqi siv hardness yog muab hauv qab no.
Annealed mob:
Lub hardness feem ntau yog nruab nrab ntawm 150 thiab 200 HB.
Normalized thiab tempered mob:
Hardness yog li ntawm 170 txog 220 HB.
Hardened thiab tempered mob:
Hardness tuaj yeem ncav cuag 250 txog 300 HB lossis ntau dua, nyob ntawm qhov ntsuas kub thiab lub sijhawm.
3. Cov Kev Pab Cuam Tshuam Ntxiv
Cov khoom sim hauv qab no tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cov khoom sim, yog tias tsim nyog tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm kev sib tham.
Kev tshuaj xyuas khoom
Flattening Test
Khoov Test
Hlau Structure thiab Etching Test
Photomicrographs
Photomicrographs rau cov khoom ntawm tus kheej
P11 hydrotest yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai hauv qab no.
Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla ≥10in.[250mm] thiab phab ntsa thickness ≤ 0.75in.[19mm]: qhov no yuav tsum yog qhov ntsuas hydrostatic.
Lwm qhov ntau thiab tsawg rau kev kuaj hluav taws xob tsis zoo.
Cov hauv qab no yuav tsum tau kuaj hydrostatic yog muab tso ua ke los ntawm cov kev cai ntawm ASTM A999:
Rau ferritic alloy hlau thiab stainless hlau raj, phab ntsa raug rau lub siab tsis tsawg tshaj li60% ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus yield zog.
Qhov ntsuas dej siab yuav tsum tau tswj kom tsawg 5stsis muaj dej los yog lwm yam tsis xws luag.
Hydraulic siabtuaj yeem suav nrog cov qauv:
P = 2st/D
P = hydrostatic test siab hauv psi [MPa];
S = yeeb nkab phab ntsa kev nyuaj siab nyob rau hauv psi los yog [MPa];
t = teev phab ntsa thickness, nominal phab ntsa thickness raws li tau teev tseg ANSI lub sij hawm tus naj npawb los yog 1.143 lub sij hawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus phab ntsa thickness, nyob rau hauv. [mm];
D = teev sab nraud txoj kab uas hla, sab nraud txoj kab uas hla raws li teev ANSI yeeb nkab loj, los yog sab nraud txoj kab uas hla xam los ntawm kev ntxiv 2t (raws li tau hais los saum toj no) rau cov teev hauv txoj kab uas hla, in. [mm].
Txhua lub yeeb nkab yuav tsum raug tshuaj xyuas los ntawm kev kuaj xyuas tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj raws li Kev Ua HaujlwmE213, xyaumE309, los yog xyaumE570.
Permissible Variations in Diameter
Rau cov yeeb nkab xaj komhauv txoj kab uas hla, sab hauv txoj kab uas hla yuav tsum tsis txhob sib txawv ntau tshaj ± 1% ntawm qhov teev nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla.
Tubing xaj hauvNPS [DN] lossis sab nraud txoj kab uas hlayuav tsum tsis txhob sib txawv sab nraud diameters ntau tshaj li teev nyob rau hauv cov lus hauv qab no.
Permissible Variations nyob rau hauv Phab ntsa Thickness
Phab ntsa thickness ntsuas yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm mechanical calipers los yog calibrated nondestructive xeem cov khoom uas tsim nyog.Thaum muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb, qhov ntsuas tau txiav txim siab siv cov tshuab calipers yuav tsum yeej.
Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus phab ntsa thickness thiab sab nraud txoj kab uas hla rau kev soj ntsuam kom ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau rau cov yeeb nkab uas tau txiav txim los ntawm NPS [DN] thiab lub sij hawm tus naj npawb yog qhia nyob rau hauvASME B36.10M.
Feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv boilers, superheaters, thiab tshav kub exchangers nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim noj thiab tshuaj nroj tsuag.
Boilers: P11 yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm boilers vim nws tsis kam mus rau high kub thiab pressures, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov seem uas raug rau huab cua kub thiab siab.
Superheater: Siv los ua kom qhov kub thiab txias kom ntxiv dag zog thermal efficiency.p11 xyuas kom meej tias lub zog thiab kav ntev ntawm cov khoom yog khaws cia txawm nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias.
Thaum tshav kub kub exchangers: P11 txhim khu kev txhim kho corrosion thiab kub-kub tsis kam ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, yog li txhim kho kev ntseeg siab thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv.
Piping systems: Cov kav dej hauv cov nroj tsuag tshuaj feem ntau yuav tsum tau thauj cov kua dej kub lossis chav.Lub zog kub-kub thiab zoo txhua yam khoom ntawm P11 ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau cov ntawv thov no.
a) ASTM A335 P11 sib npaug li cas?
GB/T 5310: 12CrMo;
DIN 17175: 10CrMo9-10 (1.7380);
EN 10216-2: 10CrMo9-10;
BS 3604: 10CrMo9-10;
JIS G3462: STPA23;
GOST 550-75: 12Kh1MF.
b)Puas yog P11 yog cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau?
Yog lawm, P11 yog cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau.
Cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau yog cov hlau-carbon alloy uas ib lossis ntau lub ntsiab lus alloying (xws li chromium, molybdenum, npib tsib xee, thiab lwm yam) tau ntxiv, nrog rau tag nrho cov ntsiab lus alloying feem ntau ntawm 1 txog 5%.
c)Lub zog tensile ntawm ASTM A335 P11 yog dab tsi?
Tsawg tensile zog ntawm 415 MPa [60 ksi].
d)Lub zog ntawm ASTM A335 P11 yog dab tsi?
Tsawg tensile zog ntawm 205 MPa [30 ksi].
e) Qhov ntsuas kub ntawm ASTM A335 P11 yog dab tsi?
Nyob rau hauv oxidizing ib puag ncig: Cov kev pabcuam kub siab tshaj plaws yog feem ntau txog 593 ° C (1100 ° F).
Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig uas tsis yog-oxidizing: qhov siab tshaj plaws kev pabcuam kub ntawm kwv yees li 650 ° C (1200 ° F) tuaj yeem ua tiav.
f)Puas yog A335 P11 sib nqus?
Nws yog sib nqus ntawm chav tsev kub.Cov cuab yeej no yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv qee yam kev siv, xws li thaum cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau sib xws nrog cov khoom siv sib nqus.
g)Tus nqi ntawm ASTM A335 P11 yog dab tsi?
Cov nqi sib txawv nrog rau kev ua lag luam, tiv tauj peb kom tau txais kev tsocai tseeb.
