Stainless hlau (Stainless hlau)yog cov ntawv luv ntawm stainless acid-resistant steel, thiab cov qib steel uas tiv taus tsis muaj zog corrosive media xws li huab cua, chav dej, dej, lossis muaj cov khoom tsis zoo yog hu ua stainless hlau.
Lub sij hawm "stainless hlau" tsis yog tsuas yog xa mus rau ib hom stainless hlau, tab sis hais txog ntau tshaj li ib puas hom kev lag luam stainless hlau, txhua tus muaj kev ua tau zoo hauv nws cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb.
Lawv txhua tus muaj 17 mus rau 22% chromium, thiab cov qib hlau zoo dua kuj muaj cov npib tsib xee.Ntxiv molybdenum tuaj yeem txhim kho atmospheric corrosion, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tiv thaiv corrosion hauv chloride-muaj cua.
Ib.Classification ntawm stainless hlau
1. Stainless hlau thiab acid-resistant steel yog dab tsi?
Teb: Stainless hlau yog cov ntawv luv ntawm stainless acid-resistant steel, uas yog resistant rau tsis muaj zog corrosive media xws li cua, chav, dej, los yog stainless hlau.Corroded steel qib yog hu ua acid-resistant steels.
Vim qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm ob, lawv cov corrosion kuj sib txawv.Ordinary stainless hlau feem ntau tsis resistant rau tshuaj nruab nrab corrosion, thaum acid-resistant steel feem ntau stainless.
2. Yuav ua li cas cais stainless hlau?
Teb: Raws li lub koom haum lub xeev, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua martensitic steel, ferritic steel, austenitic steel, austenitic-ferritic (duplex) stainless hlau thiab nag lossis daus hardening stainless hlau.
(1) Martensitic steel: siab zog, tab sis tsis zoo plasticity thiab weldability.
Feem ntau siv cov qib martensitic stainless hlau yog 1Cr13, 3Cr13, thiab lwm yam., vim muaj cov ntsiab lus carbon siab, nws muaj lub zog siab, hardness thiab hnav tsis kam, tab sis corrosion kuj yog me ntsis tsis zoo, thiab nws yog siv rau cov khoom siv kho mob siab thiab corrosion kuj.Qee qhov dav dav yuav tsum tau ua, xws li cov springs, chav turbine hniav, hydraulic xovxwm li qub, thiab lwm yam.
Cov hlau no yog siv tom qab quenching thiab tempering, thiab annealing yuav tsum tau tom qab forging thiab stamping.
(2) Ferritic hlau: 15% mus rau 30% chromium.Nws cov corrosion kuj, toughness thiab weldability nce nrog nce ntawm cov ntsiab lus chromium, thiab nws cov chloride kev nyuaj siab corrosion yog zoo dua li lwm hom stainless hlau, xws li Crl7, Cr17Mo2Ti, Cr25, Cr25Mo3Ti, Cr28, thiab lwm yam.
Vim nws cov ntsiab lus chromium siab, nws cov corrosion kuj thiab oxidation kuj zoo, tab sis nws cov khoom siv thiab cov txheej txheem tsis zoo.Nws feem ntau yog siv rau cov qauv acid-resistant nrog me ntsis kev ntxhov siab thiab ua cov hlau los tiv thaiv oxidation.
Cov hlau no tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov corrosion ntawm huab cua, nitric acid thiab ntsev tov, thiab muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias oxidation tsis kam thiab me me thermal expansion coefficient.Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv nitric acid thiab khoom noj khoom haus Hoobkas khoom, thiab kuj yuav siv tau los ua qhov chaw uas ua hauj lwm ntawm kub kub, xws li roj turbine qhov chaw, thiab lwm yam.
(3) Austenitic steel: Nws muaj ntau dua 18% chromium, thiab tseem muaj txog 8% npib tsib xee thiab ib qho me me ntawm molybdenum, titanium, nitrogen thiab lwm yam khoom.Kev ua tau zoo tag nrho, tiv taus corrosion los ntawm ntau yam xov xwm.
Feem ntau, kev kho kev daws teeb meem yog saws, uas yog, cov hlau yog rhuab mus rau 1050-1150 ° C, thiab tom qab ntawd dej-txias lossis cua-txias kom tau txais ib theem austenite qauv.
(4) Austenitic-ferritic (duplex) stainless hlau: Nws muaj qhov zoo ntawm ob qho tib si austenitic thiab ferritic stainless hlau, thiab muaj superplasticity.Austenite thiab ferrite txhua tus account rau ib nrab ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj steel.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus C tsawg, cov ntsiab lus Cr yog 18% txog 28%, thiab Ni cov ntsiab lus yog 3% txog 10%.Qee cov hlau kuj tseem muaj cov alloying xws li Mo, Cu, Si, Nb, Ti, thiab N.
Cov hlau no muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm ob qho tib si austenitic thiab ferritic stainless hlau.Piv nrog rau ferrite, nws muaj ntau dua plasticity thiab toughness, tsis muaj chav kub brittleness, ho txhim kho intergranular corrosion kuj thiab vuam kev ua tau zoo, thaum tuav hlau Lub cev stainless hlau yog nkig ntawm 475 ° C, muaj thermal conductivity, thiab muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm superplasticity. .
Piv nrog austenitic stainless hlau, nws muaj lub zog siab thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo rau intergranular corrosion thiab chloride stress corrosion.Duplex stainless hlau muaj zoo heev pitting corrosion kuj thiab kuj yog ib tug nickel-txuag stainless hlau.
(5) Cov nag lossis daus hardening stainless hlau: lub matrix yog austenite los yog martensite, thiab cov qib siv feem ntau ntawm nag lossis daus hardening stainless hlau yog 04Cr13Ni8Mo2Al thiab lwm yam.Nws yog cov hlau tsis muaj steel uas tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog (muaj zog) los ntawm nag lossis daus hardening (tseem hu ua hnub nyoog hardening).
Raws li muaj pes tsawg leeg, nws tau muab faib ua chromium stainless hlau, chromium-nickel stainless hlau thiab chromium manganese nitrogen stainless hlau.
(1) Chromium stainless hlau muaj qee yam kev tiv thaiv corrosion (oxidizing acid, organic acid, cavitation), kub tsis kam thiab hnav tsis kam, thiab feem ntau yog siv los ua cov khoom siv rau cov chaw nres tsheb fais fab, tshuaj, thiab roj av.Txawm li cas los xij, nws qhov weldability tsis zoo, thiab kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau them rau cov txheej txheem vuam thiab kev kho cua sov.
(2) Thaum lub sij hawm vuam, chromium-nickel stainless hlau yog raug rov ua cua sov rau precipitate carbides, uas yuav txo tau corrosion kuj thiab txhua yam khoom.
(3) Lub zog, ductility, toughness, formability, weldability, hnav tsis kam thiab corrosion kuj ntawm chromium-manganese stainless hlau yog zoo.