API 5L X70 (L485)ndi mtundu wa chitoliro chachitsulo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani amafuta ndi gasi pamapaipi oyendetsa mapaipi, omwe amatchulidwa kuti ndi ochepamphamvu zokolola za 70,300 psi (485 MPa), ndipo imakhala ndi mawonekedwe a mapaipi opanda msoko ndi owotcherera ndipo imagawidwa m'magulu awiri azinthu, PSL1 ndi PSL2.Mu PSL1, X70 ndiye kalasi yapamwamba kwambiri, pomwe ku PSL2 ndi imodzi mwamakalasi apamwamba a chitoliro chachitsulo.
Chitoliro chachitsulo cha API 5L X70 chimagwirizana makamaka ndi zofuna za mtunda wautali, wothamanga kwambiri chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zazikulu komanso kukana kupanikizika.Kuti athe kupirira kupsinjika kwakukulu, chitoliro chachitsulo cha X70 nthawi zambiri chimapangidwa ndi makoma okulirapo kuti atsimikizire mphamvu zokwanira komanso kulimba.
Botop Steelndi katswiri wopanga wandiweyani-mipanda lalikulu-m'mimba mwake awiri amaganiza kumizidwa arc LSAW zitsulo chitoliro ili mu China.
Malo: Mzinda wa Cangzhou, Chigawo cha Hebei, China;
Ndalama Zonse: 500 miliyoni RMB;
Factory dera: 60,000 lalikulu mamita;
Kuthekera kwapachaka: matani 200,000 a mapaipi achitsulo a JCOE LSAW;
Zida: Zida zamakono zopangira ndi kuyesa;
Specialization: LSAW zitsulo kupanga chitoliro;
Chitsimikizo: API 5L yovomerezeka.
Zoyenera Kutumizira
Mkhalidwe wotumizira ndi kutentha kwa kutentha kapena kukonzedwa kwa chubu chachitsulo pamene ili wokonzeka kuperekedwa kwa kasitomala pambuyo popanga.Mkhalidwe wotumizira ndi wofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti chubu ili ndi zofunikira zamakina komanso kukhulupirika kwadongosolo.
Kutengera mulingo wa PSL ndi momwe amaperekera, X70 ikhoza kugawidwa motere:
PSL1: X70 (L485);
PSL2: X70Q (L485Q) ndi X70M (L485M);
Zilembo za PSL2 Q ndi M zimayimira motsatana:
Q: Kuzimitsidwa ndi kupsya mtima;
M: Thermomechanical adagulung'undisa kapena thermomechanical anapanga;
API 5L X70 Njira Yovomerezeka Yopanga
Njira yopangira X70 imaphatikizapo zonse ziwiriopanda msoko ndi weldedmafomu, omwe akhoza kugawidwa monga:
Mwa izi,Mtengo wa SAWL(LSAW) ndiyo njira yodziwika kwambiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga njira zowotcherera za X70 ndipo imakhala yopindulitsa popanga chitoliro chachikulu chokhala ndi mainchesi, wandiweyani-mipanda yowoneka bwino.
Ngakhale mipope yachitsulo yopanda msoko imawonedwabe ngati chisankho chomwe chimakondedwa chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake pansi pamikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri, kutalika kokwanira kwa mapaipi opanda zitsulo opangidwa nthawi zambiri kumakhala 660 mm.Kuchepetsa kukula uku kumatha kukhala kovuta mukakumana ndi ntchito zazikulu zamapaipi apamtunda wautali.
Mosiyana ndi izi, njira ya LSAW imatha kupanga machubu okhala ndi mainchesi mpaka 1,500 mm ndi makulidwe a khoma mpaka 80 mm.Ndipo mtengo ukhoza kukhala wotsika mtengo kuposa chitsulo chosasunthika.
API 5L X70 Chemical Composition
Mapangidwe a Chemical a PSL 1 Pipe yokhala ndi t ≤ 25.0 mm (0.984 mu.)
Mapangidwe a Chemical a PSL 2 Pipe yokhala ndi t ≤ 25.0 mm (0.984 mu.)
Pakuti PSL2 zitsulo chitoliro mankhwala kusanthula ndimpweya wa carbon ≤0.12%, mpweya wofanana ndi CEpcmzitha kuwerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira iyi:
CEpcm= C + Si/30 + Mn/20 + Cu/20 + Ni/60 + Cr/20 + Mo/15 + V/15 + 5B
Pakuti PSL2 zitsulo chitoliro mankhwala kusanthula ndimpweya wa carbon> 0.12%, mpweya wofanana ndi CEllwzitha kuwerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito fomula ili pansipa:
CEllw= C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni +Cu)/15
Mapangidwe a Chemical okhala ndi t ＞ 25.0 mm (0.984 mu.)
Zidzatsimikiziridwa ndi kukambirana ndikusinthidwa kukhala mawonekedwe oyenera malinga ndi zofunikira za mankhwala pamwambapa.
API 5L X70 Mechanical Properties
Tensile Properties
PSL1 X70 Tensile Properties
PSL2 X70 Tensile Properties
Zindikirani: Zofunikira zafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane muAPI 5L X52, yomwe ingathe kuwonedwa ngati ikufunika.
Zoyesera Zina Zamakina
Pulogalamu yotsatira yoyeseraimagwira ntchito ku mitundu ya chitoliro chazitsulo za SAW zokha.
Weld Guide kupinda mayeso;
Kuzizira-kupangidwa welded chitoliro kuuma mayeso;
Kuyang'ana kwakukulu kwa msoko wowotcherera;
ndipo kokha kwa PSL2 zitsulo chitoliro: CVN zotsatira mayeso ndi DWT mayeso.
Zinthu zoyesa ndi ma frequency oyesera amitundu ina yamapaipi zitha kupezeka mu Matebulo 17 ndi 18 a muyezo wa API 5L.
Kuyesedwa kwa Hydrostatic
Nthawi Yoyesera
Miyezo yonse yamachubu achitsulo opanda msoko ndi otsekemera okhala ndi D ≤ 457 mm (18 in.):nthawi yoyesera ≥ 5s;
Chitoliro chachitsulo chowotcherera D> 457 mm (18 in.):nthawi yoyesera ≥ 10s.
Kuyeserera pafupipafupi
Chitoliro chilichonse chachitsulondipo sipadzakhala kutayikira kwa weld kapena chitoliro thupi pa mayeso.
Zovuta zoyesa
Kuthamanga kwa hydrostatic test P achitoliro chachitsulo chosamveka bwinoikhoza kuwerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito fomula.
P = 2St/D
Sndi hoop stress.mtengowo ndi wofanana ndi mphamvu zokolola zochepa za chitoliro chachitsulo ngati peresenti, mu MPa (psi);
tndi makulidwe otchulidwa khoma, owonetsedwa mu millimeters ( mainchesi);
Dndi m'mimba mwake wotchulidwa kunja, wowonetsedwa mu millimeters ( mainchesi).
Nondestructive Inspection
Kwa machubu a SAWnjira ziwiri,UT(kuyesa kwa ultrasonic) kapenaRT(kuyesa kwa radiographic), nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
ET(kuyesa kwamagetsi) sikugwira ntchito ku machubu a SAW.
Zowotcherera pamapaipi opangidwa ndi giredi ≥ L210/A ndi mainchesi ≥ 60.3 mm (2.375 mu) aziyang'aniridwa mopanda kuwononga makulidwe onse ndi kutalika (100 %) monga zafotokozedwera.
UT mayeso osawononga
RT kufufuza kosawononga
Kwa chitoliro cha SAW ndi COW, ma welds aziyang'aniridwa ndi njira zowunikira ma radiographic mkati mwa osachepera 200 mm (8.0 mu) kumapeto kwa chitoliro chilichonse.mu) kumapeto kwa chitoliro chilichonse chidzayang'aniridwa ndi kuwunika kwa radiographic.
Tchati cha Ndondomeko ya Chitoliro cha API 5L
Kuti muwone mosavuta ndikugwiritsa ntchito, tapanga ndandanda yoyenera mafayilo a PDF.Mutha kutsitsa ndikuwonera zolemba izi ngati pakufunika.
Tchulani Diameter Yakunja ndi Makulidwe a Khoma
Miyezo yokhazikika ya ma diameter akunja ndi makulidwe a khoma la chitoliro chachitsulo amaperekedwaISO 4200ndiASME B36.10M.
Dimensional Tolerances
Zofunikira za API 5L pakulolerana kwazithunzi zafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsataneAPI 5L Gulu B.Kuti mupewe kubwereza, mutha kudina font yabuluu kuti muwone tsatanetsatane.
Zowonongeka Wamba ndi Kukonza
Kwa machubu a SAW, zolakwika zotsatirazi zimapezeka kawirikawiri: m'mphepete mwa nibbled, kutentha kwa arc, delamination, geometric deviations, zolimba zolimba, etc.
Zofooka zomwe zimapezeka poyang'ana zowoneka zidzatsimikiziridwa, kugawidwa, ndikutayidwa motere.
a) Kuzama ≤ 0.125t, ndipo sikukhudza makulidwe ochepa ovomerezeka a khoma la chilemacho kudzatsimikiziridwa ngati zolakwika zovomerezeka ndipo zidzatayidwa molingana ndi zomwe C.1.
b) Zowonongeka> 0.125t mwakuya zomwe sizimakhudza makulidwe ochepa ovomerezeka a khoma zidzaweruzidwa kuti ndi zolakwika ndipo zidzachotsedwa ndi kukonzanso malinga ndi C.2 kapena kutayidwa molingana ndi C.3.
c) Chilema chokhudza makulidwe ochepera ovomerezeka a khoma chidzazindikirika ngati cholakwika ndipo chidzatayidwa molingana ndi C.3.
Kuzindikiritsa Mtundu
Ngati afunsidwa, cholembera chamtundu wa pafupifupi 50 mm (2 in.) m'mimba mwake chikhoza kupentidwa mkati mwa chitoliro chilichonse chachitsulo kuti muzitha kusiyanitsa mosavuta zida zosiyanasiyana.
| Gulu la Pipe | Mtundu wa Paint |
| L320 kapena X46 | Wakuda |
| L360 kapena X52 | Green |
| L390 kapena X56 | Buluu |
| L415 kapena X60 | Chofiira |
| L450 kapena X65 | Choyera |
| L485 kapena X70 | Purple-violet |
| L555 kapena X80 | Yellow |
Kodi X70 Steel Equivalent ndi chiyani?
ISO 3183-L485: Ichi ndi chitsulo chapaipi pansi pamiyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi ndipo ndichofanana ndi katundu ku API 5L X70.
CSA Z245.1 - GR 485: Ichi ndi kalasi yachitsulo ya Canadian Standards Association yamapaipi amafuta ndi gasi.
EN 10208-2 - L485MB: Ichi ndi chitsulo chapaipi pansi pa European Standard popanga mapaipi onyamula mafuta ndi gasi.
Kupaka
Sitimangopatsa makasitomala athu mipope yachitsulo ya X70 yapamwamba komanso timapereka mitundu yambiri ya ntchito zokutira kuti tikwaniritse zosowa zenizeni zamapulojekiti osiyanasiyana.
Zopaka utoto: Zopaka utoto zachikhalidwe zimapereka chitetezo choyambirira ku dzimbiri ndipo ndizoyenera malo omwe si owopsa kapena chitetezo kwakanthawi.
FBE zokutira: Ntchito pamwamba zitsulo chitoliro ndi electrostatic kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndondomeko ndiyeno kuchiritsidwa ndi kutentha.Chophimba ichi chimakhala ndi kukana kwamankhwala abwino komanso abrasion ndipo ndi koyenera mapaipi apansi kapena pansi pamadzi.
3 LPE zokutira: Wopangidwa ndi zokutira epoxy, zomatira wosanjikiza, ndi polyethylene wosanjikiza, amapereka kwambiri dzimbiri kukana ndi chitetezo makina kwa osiyanasiyana pansi pansi pa nthaka mapaipi mapaipi.
3LPP zokutira: Mofanana ndi 3LPE, chophimba cha 3LPP chimakhala ndi zigawo zitatu, koma zimagwiritsa ntchito polypropylene ngati gawo lakunja.Chophimba ichi chimakhala ndi kukana kutentha kwambiri ndipo ndi koyenera kuti pakhale mipope m'malo otentha kwambiri.
Zovala zimatha kusankhidwa kutengera malo omwe akugwiritsira ntchito komanso zofunikira za payipi kuti zitsimikizire kudalirika ndi chitetezo cha mapaipi a API 5L X70 panthawi yautumiki.
Zifukwa Zotisankhira Paipi Yachitsulo ya X70
1. Mafakitole ovomerezeka a API 5L: Mafakitole athu amakhala ndi satifiketi ya API 5L, yomwe imatsimikizira miyezo yapamwamba kwambiri kuchokera ku gwero kupita ku chinthu chomalizidwa ndi phindu lamtengo.
2. Mitundu yambiri yamapaipi: Sitimangopanga mapaipi azitsulo opangidwa ndi welded komanso osungira mapaipi opanda zitsulo, ndipo tikhoza kupereka mitundu yambiri ya zitoliro zomwe zingakwaniritse zosowa zenizeni za ntchito zosiyanasiyana.
3. Zida zonse zothandizira: Kuphatikiza pa chitoliro chachitsulo, titha kuperekanso ma flanges, ma elbows, ndi zida zina zothandizira, kupereka njira zogulira zomwe zimatengera ntchito yanu.
4. Makonda utumiki: Timatha kupereka njira zothetsera makonda malinga ndi zosowa zenizeni za kasitomala, kuphatikizapo kupanga ndi kukonza mapaipi achitsulo ndi mafotokozedwe apadera.
5. Ntchito zapadera: Chiyambireni kukhazikitsidwa mu 2014, kampaniyo yakhala ikugwira nawo ntchito zambiri zaumisiri ndipo yapeza zambiri pamakampani, zomwe zimawathandiza kuti azipereka chithandizo chapadera ndi chithandizo.
6. Kuyankha mwachangu ndi chithandizo: Gulu lathu lothandizira makasitomala litha kuyankha mwachangu komanso chithandizo chaukadaulo chaukadaulo kuti muwonetsetse kuti mavuto anu ndi zosowa zanu zathetsedwa munthawi yake.
