AS 1579 chitoliro chachitsulondi matako kuwotcherera arc welded zitsulo chitoliro makamaka ntchito ponyamula madzi ndi madzi oipa ndi kunja awiri a ≥ 114 mm ndi milu chitoliro ndi oveteredwa kuthamanga osapitirira 6.8 MPa.
Milu ya mapaipi ndi ziwalo zozungulira zomwe zimayendetsedwa munthaka ndipo sizigwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kuthamanga kwa mkati.
M'mimba mwake pang'ono ndi 114mm, ngakhale palibe malire enieni pa kukula kwa chitoliro koma makulidwe omwe amakonda amaperekedwa.
Adzapangidwa kuchokera kumagulu owunikidwa kapena opangidwa ndi chitsulo chotentha chofanana ndi AS/NZS 1594 kapena AS/NZS 3678.
Malingana ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito komaliza kumagawidwa motere:
Mapaipi oyesedwa ndi hydrostaticidzapangidwa kuchokera ku kusanthula kapena kalasi yazitsulo zotentha zomwe zimagwirizana ndi AS/NZS 1594 kapena AS/NZS 3678.
Milu ndi chitoliro chosayesedwa cha hydrostaticidzapangidwa kuchokera ku chitsulo chogwirizana ndi AS/NZS 1594 kapena AS/NZS 3678.
Kapenanso,miluikhoza kupangidwa kuchokera kugulu lowunikira lomwe likugwirizana ndi AS/NZS 1594., pamenepo chitsulocho chiyesedwe mwamakina molingana ndi AS 1391 kusonyeza kuti chikukwaniritsa zofunikira zamakina zomwe wogula wanena.
AS 1579 chitoliro chachitsulo chimapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchitokuwotcherera arc.
Ma welds onse azikhala olowera matako.
Kuwotcherera kwa Arc kumagwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwa arc yamagetsi kusungunula zida zachitsulo ndikupanga cholumikizira cholumikizira pakati pazitsulo kuti apange chitoliro chachitsulo chosalekeza.
Njira yopangira kuwotcherera kwa arc ndi SAW (Submerged Arc Welding), yomwe imadziwikanso kutiChithunzi cha DSAW, zomwe zitha kugawidwa m'maguluMtengo wa LSAW(SAWL) ndi SSAW (Mtengo wa HSAW) molingana ndi njira yowotcherera matako.
Kuphatikiza pa SAW, palinso mitundu ina ya kuwotcherera arc monga GMAW, GTAW, FCAW, ndi SMAW.Njira zosiyanasiyana zowotcherera arc zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe awoawo komanso momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito, ndipo kusankha njira yoyenera yowotcherera kumadalira zomwe chitoliro chachitsulo chimapangidwira, bajeti, komanso zofunikira.
Miyezoyo siyimatchula mwachindunji kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala ndi mawonekedwe amakina, chifukwa izi nthawi zambiri zimadalira zitsulo zinazake monga AS/NZS 1594 kapena AS/NZS 3678, zomwe zimafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane zofunikira za mankhwala ndi makina achitsulo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga izi. machubu.
AS 1579 imangotchula zofanana ndi kaboni.
Kufanana kwa kaboni (CE) kwachitsulo sikudutsa 0.40.
CE=Mn/6+(Cr+Mo+V)/5+(Ni+Cu)/15
CE ndi gawo lofunikira lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kuwotcherera kwachitsulo.Zimathandiza kuneneratu kuumitsa komwe kungachitike muzitsulo pambuyo pa kuwotcherera ndipo potero kuwunika kutsekemera kwake.
Kuyesa kwa hydrostatic pressure ndikofunikira pamadzi aliwonse kapena chitoliro chachitsulo chamadzi otayira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendera.
Milu ya mapaipi nthawi zambiri safunikira kuyesedwa kwa hydrostatically chifukwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kunyamula katundu wokhazikika m'malo mokakamiza mkati.
Mfundo Zoyesera
Chitolirocho chimasindikizidwa kumapeto kulikonse ndipo ndi pressurized hydrostatically.
Zimafufuzidwa kuti zikhale ndi mphamvu pazovuta zomwe zimayimira kukakamiza kwapangidwe kwa chitoliro.Imayesedwa kuti iwunikenso pakuthamanga kwa chitoliro.
Mavuto Oyesera
Kuthamanga kwakukulu kwa chitoliro chachitsulo ndi 6.8 MPa. Izi zimatsimikiziridwa ndi malire a zida zoyesera za 8.5 MPa.
Pr= 0.72×(2×SMYS×t)/OD kapena Pr= 0.72×(2×NMYS×t)/OD
Pr: Kupanikizika kovoteledwa, mu MPa;
SMYS: Zotchulidwa mphamvu zochepa zokolola, mu MPa;
NMYS: Mwadzina mphamvu zochepa zokolola, mu MPa;
t: makulidwe a khoma, mu mm;
ODKunja: m'mimba mwake, mm.
Muzochitika zadzidzidzi, kupanikizika kwakanthawi kochepa kungayambitse kuwonjezereka kwa kupanikizika kwa mapaipi.Pansi pazimenezi, kupsinjika kwakukulu kololedwa kophatikizidwa kudzatsimikiziridwa ndi wopanga, koma zisapitirire 0.90 x SMYS.
Pt= 1.25Pr
Pambuyo poyesa mphamvu, sipadzakhala kupasuka kapena kutayikira mu chitoliro choyesera.
90% ya mphamvu yochepera yokolola (SMYS) kapena mphamvu yocheperako (NMYS) kapena 8.5 MPa, iliyonse yocheperako.
Pl= Pr
Kuyezetsa kutayikira kudzachitidwa pa chitoliro.
Pakuyesa kutayikira, sipadzakhala kutayikira komwe kumawoneka pamtunda wa chitoliro.
Mapaipi onse oyeserera omwe si a hydrostatic azikhala ndi makulidwe a khoma osachepera 8.0 mm.
Chitoliroidzakhala ndi 100% ya ma welds ake osayesedwa mosawononga ndi njira za ultrasonic kapena radiographic molingana ndi AS 1554.1 Gulu la SP ndikugwirizana ndi njira zovomerezeka zovomerezeka.
Kuyesa kosawononga kwa ma welds ang'onoang'onokwa milu ya mapaipi.Zotsatira zoyeserera zizigwirizana ndi zofunikira za AS/NZS 1554.1 Class SP.Ngati kuyang'ana kukuwonetsa kusatsata zomwe zalembedwa, weld yonse pa mulu wa chitolirocho iyenera kuyang'aniridwa.
Mapaipi ndi zomangira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito potengera madzi ndi zimbudzi ziyenera kutetezedwa ku dzimbiri posankha zokutira zoyenera Kupakako kudzagwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi AS 1281 ndi AS 4321.
Pankhani ya madzi amchere, ayenera kutsatira AS/NZS 4020. Cholinga chake ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zinthuzi, zikakumana ndi njira yoperekera madzi, sizimakhudza kwambiri madzi, monga kuipitsidwa kwamankhwala, microbiological. kuipitsidwa, kapena kusintha kwa kukoma ndi maonekedwe a madzi.
Kunja kwa chubu, osapitirira 150 mm kuchokera kumapeto, kudzakhala kodziwika bwino komanso kosatha ndi izi:
a) Nambala yapaderadera, mwachitsanzo, chubu nambala;
b) Malo opangira;
c) Kunja kwake ndi makulidwe a khoma;
d) Nambala yokhazikika, mwachitsanzo AS 1579;
e) Dzina la wopanga kapena chizindikiro;
f) Kuthamanga kwa chitoliro cha hydrostatic (pokhapokha pazitsulo zachitsulo zomwe zimayesedwa ndi hydrostatic);
g) Kuyika chizindikiro chosawononga (NDT) (chokha cha chitoliro chachitsulo chomwe chayesedwa kosawononga).
Wopangayo azipatsa Wogula satifiketi yosainidwa yosonyeza kuti chitolirocho chapangidwa motsatira zomwe Wogula ndi Mulingo uwu.
ASTM A252: Zapangidwira milu yazitsulo zachitsulo ndipo zimakhala ndi zida zatsatanetsatane zamakina komanso mawonekedwe amankhwala pamakalasi atatu ochitira.
EN 10219: Zimakhudzana ndi machubu achitsulo ozizirira opangidwa ndi zitsulo zomangika kuphatikiza milu ya mapaipi.
ISO 3183: Chitoliro chachitsulo chamakampani amafuta ndi gasi, chokhala ndi zofunikira komanso mphamvu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kunyamula milu ya chitoliro.
API 5L: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pamapaipi oyendetsa mafuta ndi gasi, miyezo yapamwamba imapangitsanso kuti ikhale yoyenera kupanga milu yomwe imakhala yolemetsa kwambiri.
CSA Z245.1: Imatanthawuza mapaipi achitsulo ndi zopangira zonyamulira mafuta ndi gasi, zomwe zilinso zoyenera milu ya chitoliro.
ASTM A690: Zopangidwira milu yazitsulo zazitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madzi ndi malo ofanana, kutsindika kukana kwa dzimbiri.
Mtengo wa JIS A5525: Chitoliro chachitsulo cha Japan chovundikira pamilu ya chitoliro, kuphatikiza zinthu, kupanga, mawonekedwe ndi magwiridwe antchito.
GOST 10704-91: Magetsi welded wowongoka msoko zitsulo chitoliro ntchito pomanga ndi zomangamanga zomangamanga, kuphatikizapo milu mipope.
GOST 20295-85: Tsatanetsatane wa mapaipi achitsulo opangidwa ndi magetsi oyendetsa mafuta ndi gasi, kusonyeza ntchito yawo pansi pa kupanikizika kwakukulu komanso m'madera ovuta, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamilu ya mapaipi.
Chiyambireni kukhazikitsidwa mu 2014, Botop Steel yakhala ikugulitsa chitoliro chachitsulo cha carbon ku Northern China, chomwe chimadziwika ndi ntchito zabwino kwambiri, zinthu zamtengo wapatali, komanso zothetsera mavuto.
Kampaniyi imapereka mapaipi osiyanasiyana a zitsulo za carbon ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwirizana nazo, kuphatikizapo zopanda msoko, ERW, LSAW, ndi chitoliro chachitsulo cha SSAW, komanso mzere wathunthu wazitsulo ndi flanges.
Zopangira zake zapadera zimaphatikizanso ma alloys apamwamba kwambiri ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za austenitic, zopangidwa kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zama projekiti osiyanasiyana a mapaipi.
