Chithunzi cha ASTM A106Chitoliro chachitsulo ndi chopanda msokocarbon steel pipeoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa kutentha kwakukulu ndi malo othamanga kwambiri.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo ambiri monga mafakitale amafuta ndi gasi, malo opangira magetsi ndi mafakitale opanga mankhwala.
Makamaka,ASTM A106 Gawo Bmachubu ndiwotchuka kwambiri pamapulogalamu ambiri chifukwa amatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira zamakina pamakina ambiri omanga komanso kukwanitsa kwake.
ASME SA106 = ASTM A106.
ASME SA106 ndi ASTM A106 ndi ofanana malinga ndi zida ndi katundu, ndipo ali ndi zofunikira zofanana, koma ali m'mabungwe osindikizira osiyanasiyana ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukwaniritsa machitidwe osiyanasiyana a certification.
Nominal Diameter: DN 6 - DN 1200 [NPS 1/8 - NPS 48];
Akunja Diameter: 10.3 - 1219 mm [0.405 - 48 mkati];
Makulidwe a khomazili monga zikuwonetsedwa muASME B 36.10.
Common khoma makulidwe makalasi ndiNdandanda 40ndiNdandanda 80.
Kukula kwa mipope kupatula muyezo kungagwiritsidwe ntchito, malinga ngati ikukwaniritsa zofunikira zina zonse za code iyi.
TheChithunzi cha ASTM A106muyezo uli ndi magiredi atatu osiyanasiyana,Grade A, Grade B, ndi Grade C.
Mphamvu ya zokolola ndi mphamvu zamakokedwe zimawonjezeka ndi kalasi, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi malo osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito.
Chitsulocho chiyenera kuphedwa chitsulo.
Chitoliro chachitsulo cha ASTM A106 chidzapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito anjira yopanga yopanda msoko.
Malingana ndi kukula kwa chitoliro ndi ntchito yeniyeni, akhoza kugawidwa m'magulukutentha-kuthandizoziziramitundu.
DN ≤ 40 [NPS ≤ 1 1/2], imatha kupanga kutentha kutha kapena kuzizira kukokedwa, makamaka kuzizira.
DN ≥ 50 [NPS ≥ 2] idzakhala yotentha.Machubu achitsulo osakanizidwa ndi ozizira amapezekanso mukapempha.
M'munsimu muli chithunzi chojambula cha njira yopangira chitoliro chachitsulo chotentha chomaliza.
Mawonekedwe a tchati chokokedwa ndi Cold akhoza kuwonedwa podinaASTM A556 Yozizira Yokoka Mopanda Mpweya Wazitsulo Zachitsulo.
Machubu achitsulo osakanizidwa ndi otentha komanso ozizira amakhala ndi makina, mawonekedwe apamwamba, komanso kulondola kwapang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera pamitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Machubu omalizidwa otentha amapangidwa potentha kwambiri ndipo amakhala olimba bwino koma owoneka bwino komanso ocheperako;pamene machubu ozizira amapangidwa ndi kupindika kwa pulasitiki kutentha kwa chipinda ndipo amakhala ndi mphamvu zapamwamba, malo osalala, ndi kuwongolera bwino kwambiri, kuwapanga kukhala oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimafuna kulondola kwambiri ndi ntchito.
Zoziziramachubu ayenera kutenthedwa ndi kutentha1200°F [650°C]kapena apamwamba pambuyo pomaliza kujambula kozizira.
Kutentha-kuthamachubu achitsulo nthawi zambiri safuna chithandizo china cha kutentha.
Ngati chithandizo cha kutentha chikufunika pa chitoliro chachitsulo chotentha, kutentha kwa kutentha kudzakhala pamwamba1500°F [650°C].
Kuchiza kutentha kumapangitsa kuti microstructure ya chubu ikhale yabwino, kumapangitsanso makina, kumawonjezera kukana kwa dzimbiri, kumapangitsa machinability, kumapangitsa kuti pakhale bata, komanso kumakwaniritsa zofunikira za miyezo yeniyeni, motero kumawonjezera ntchito yonse komanso kuyenerera kwa chubu.
a Pakuchepetsa kulikonse kwa 0.01% pansi pamlingo womwe watchulidwa, manganese okwera ndi 0.06% pamwamba pa omwe adanenedwawo adzaloledwa mpaka 1.35%.
b Pokhapokha ngati watchulidwa mwanjira ina ndi wogula, pakuchepetsa kulikonse kwa 0.01 % pansi pamlingo womwe watchulidwa, manganese okwera ndi 0.06 % pamwamba pamlingo womwe waperekedwa adzaloledwa mpaka 1.65%.
cCr, Cu, Mo, Ni, ndi V sayenera kupitirira 1% yazinthu zonse zisanuzi.
Magiredi A, B ndi Camasiyana mu kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala, makamaka pankhani ya carbon ndi manganese.
Kusiyana kumeneku kumakhudza machitidwe amakina ndi zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito machubu.Kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa carbon, chitolirocho chidzakhala champhamvu, koma kulimbako kungachepetse.Kuwonjezeka kwa manganese kumathandizira kuti chitsulocho chikhale cholimba komanso cholimba.
Tensile Property
A: Kutalika kochepa mu 2 in. [50 mm] kudzatsimikiziridwa ndi equation iyi:
inchi-pounds:ndi = 625,000A0.2/UO.9
Magawo a Sl:ndi = 1940A0.2/U0.9
e: kutalika kochepa mu 2 in. [50 mm], %, kuzungulira kufupi ndi 0.5%,
A: gawo lagawo lachitsanzo choyesa kukangana, mu.2[mm2], kutengera m'mimba mwake kapena m'lifupi mwachitsanzo mwadzina ndi makulidwe a khoma, zozungulira mpaka 0.01 inchi2[1 mm2].
(Ngati dera lomwe lawerengedwa motere ndi lofanana kapena lalikulu kuposa 0.75 in2[500 mm2], ndiye mtengo wake ndi 0.75 in2[500 mm2] adzagwiritsidwa ntchito.)
U: mphamvu yokhazikika, psi [MPa].
Kupinda Mayeso
Kwa mapaipi a DN 50 [NPS 2] ndi ang'onoang'ono, padzakhala utali wokwanira wa chitoliro kulola kupindika kozizira kwa chitoliro kupyola 90 ° popanda kusweka mozungulira cylindrical mandrel yokhala ndi m'mimba mwake ka 12 kuchulukitsa kwa chitoliro chakunja.
Kwa OD> 25in.[635mm], ngati OD/T ≤ 7, kuyezetsa kupindika kumafunika kupindika 180° popanda kusweka pa kutentha.Mkatikati mwa gawo lopindika ndi 1in.
Mayeso a Flattening
Chitoliro chachitsulo chosasunthika cha ASTM A106 sichiyenera kuyesedwa, koma ntchito ya chitoliro iyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira.
Pokhapokha ngati pakufunika, chitoliro chilichonse chiyezedwe ndi hydro kapena chiyezedwe mopanda kuwononga magetsi, ndipo nthawi zina zonse ziwiri.
Ngati palibe kuyesa kwa hydrostatic kapena kosawononga komwe sikunachitike, chitolirocho chiyenera kulembedwa ndi “NH”.
Kuyesedwa kwa Hydrostatic
Mtengo wa kuthamanga kwa madzi usakhale wochepera 60% wa mphamvu zokolola zochepa zomwe zatchulidwa.
Itha kuwerengedwa motere:
P = 2St/D
P = hydrostatic test pressure mu psi kapena MPa,
S = kupsinjika kwa khoma la chitoliro mu psi kapena MPa,
t = makulidwe a khoma lodziwika bwino, makulidwe a khoma lofanana ndi nambala yandandanda ya ANSI, kapena nthawi 1.143 kuposa makulidwe ochepa a khoma, mu. [mm],
D = kutchulidwa kunja kwake, m'mimba mwake molingana ndi kukula kwake kwa chitoliro cha ANSI, kapena m'mimba mwake kunja kuwerengedwera powonjezera 2t (monga tafotokozera pamwambapa) kumtunda wamkati womwe watchulidwa, mu. [mm].
Ngati kuyezetsa kuthamanga kwa madzi kuchitidwa, chitoliro chachitsulo chiyenera kulembedwa ndimayeso kuthamanga.
Nondestructive Electric Test
Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira ina yoyesera hydrostatic.
Thupi lonse la chitoliro chilichonse liyenera kuyesedwa mosawononga magetsi molingana ndiE213, E309, kapenaE570mfundo.
Ngati kuyesa kosawonongeka kwachitika, "NDI” zizisonyezedwa pamwamba pa chitoliro.
Misa
Unyinji weniweni wa chitoliro uyenera kukhala mumtundu wa97.5% - 110%za misa yotchulidwa.
Akunja Diameter
Makulidwe
Makulidwe ochepa a khoma = 87.5% ya makulidwe omwe atchulidwa.
Utali
Ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulukutalika kwake, kutalika kwachisawawa kamodzi,ndipawiri mwachisawawa kutalika.
Utali wotchulidwa: malinga ndi dongosolo.
Kutalika kwachisawawa kamodziKutalika: 4.8-6.7 mamita [16-22ft].
5% ya utali wake imaloledwa kukhala yosachepera 4.8 m [16 ft], koma osachepera 3.7 m [12 ft].
Utali wowirikiza kawiri: Utali wocheperako ndi 10.7 m [35 ft] ndipo utali wocheperako ndi 6.7 m [22 ft].
Maperesenti asanu mwautali amaloledwa kukhala osakwana mamita 6.7 [22 ft], koma osachepera 4.8 mamita [16 ft].
Chitoliro chachitsulo cha ASTM A106 chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale ambiri chifukwa chokana kwambiri kutentha ndi kupanikizika.
1. Makampani amafuta ndi gasi: Chitoliro chachitsulo cha ASTM A106 chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamapaipi amafuta ndi gasi mtunda wautali, zida zobowola, ndi zoyenga, komwe kukana kwake kutentha kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwambiri kumatsimikizira chitetezo ndi kudalirika m'malo ovuta.
2. Zomera zamagetsi: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito potentha kwambiri, mapaipi opopera opopera kwambiri, osinthira kutentha, komanso makina operekera mpweya wothamanga kwambiri kuti apereke magwiridwe antchito komanso moyo wautumiki pansi pazovuta kwambiri.
3. Zomera zamakina: ASTM A106 zitsulo machubu amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zomera mankhwala kwa mapaipi kachitidwe riyakitala mkulu-anzanu, zotengera kuthamanga, distillation nsanja, ndi condensers, kumene akhoza kupirira kutentha kwambiri ndi dzimbiri mankhwala kuonetsetsa ndondomeko chitetezo ndi bwino.
4. Zomangamanga ndi zomangamanga: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito potenthetsa, mpweya wabwino, ndi mpweya (HVAC) komanso machitidwe otetezera moto kuti awonetsetse kuti kayendetsedwe kake kakugwira ntchito bwino ndi chitetezo m'nyumba.
ASTM A53 Gulu BndiAPI 5L Gulu B ndi njira zina zodziwika bwino za ASTM A106 Gulu B.
Pa chizindikiro cha chitoliro chachitsulo chosasunthika, nthawi zambiri timawona chitoliro chachitsulo chomwe chimagwirizana ndi mfundo zitatuzi panthawi imodzi, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti ali ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha kusagwirizana kwa mankhwala, makina, ndi zina zotero.
Kuphatikiza pa zinthu zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, palinso milingo ina yofanana ndi ASTM A106 potengera kapangidwe ka mankhwala ndi makina.
Mtengo wa GB/T5310: Ikani ku chitoliro chosasunthika chachitsulo cha boiler yothamanga kwambiri.
Chithunzi cha JIS G3454: Pakuti mpweya zitsulo chitoliro kwa kuthamanga mapaipi.
Chithunzi cha JIS G3455: Oyenera mpweya zitsulo chitoliro kwa mapaipi mkulu-anzanu.
Chithunzi cha JIS G3456: Mpweya zitsulo mipope kwa mkulu-kutentha mapaipi.
EN 10216-2: Machubu achitsulo osasunthika ogwiritsira ntchito kutentha kwambiri.
EN 10217-2: Welded zitsulo mipope ntchito mkulu-kutentha.
Mtengo wa GOST 8732: Machubu achitsulo osasunthika osasunthika opangira kupanikizika kwambiri komanso kutentha kwambiri.
Gulu lililonse la ASTM A106 chitoliro chachitsulo chosasunthika chadziyendera mosamala kapena kuyang'anitsitsa akatswiri a chipani chachitatu musanachoke ku fakitale, ndiko kuumirira kwathu pa khalidwe ndi kudzipereka kwathu kosasintha kwa makasitomala.
Kuyendera kwa Diameter Kunja
Kuyendera makulidwe a Khoma
Kuyendera Kuwongoka
Kufufuza kwa UT
Kumaliza Kuyendera
Kuyang'ana Maonekedwe
Pomwe tikuwonetsetsa kuti zinthu zathu n'zabwino, timaperekanso zosankha zosiyanasiyana zonyamula kuti tikwaniritse zosowa zosiyanasiyana zamagalimoto ndi zosungira.Kuchokera kuzingwe zachikhalidwe kupita ku zodzitchinjiriza zodzitchinjiriza, tadzipereka kupereka chitetezo chabwino kwambiri pakutumiza kulikonse kwa machubu achitsulo kuonetsetsa kuti akufikirani motetezeka komanso popanda kuwonongeka.
Kujambula Kwakuda
Makapu apulasitiki
Mtengo wa 3LPE
Wovala
Zokhala ndi malata
Kumanga ndi Sling
Ndemanga izi sizimangozindikira mtundu wazinthu zathu komanso kudzipereka kwathu pautumiki.Tikuyembekezera kugwirizana nanu kuti tikupatseni mayankho abwino kwambiri a chitoliro chachitsulo cha ASTM A106 GR.B pamapulojekiti anu ndi ntchito zamaluso komanso zogwira mtima.
Kuyambira pomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 2014,Botop Steelwakhala katundu kutsogolera mpweya zitsulo chitoliro ku Northern China, kudziwika ndi utumiki kwambiri, mankhwala apamwamba, ndi mayankho mabuku.
Kampaniyi imapereka mapaipi osiyanasiyana a zitsulo za carbon ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwirizana nazo, kuphatikizapo zopanda msoko, ERW, LSAW, ndi chitoliro chachitsulo cha SSAW, komanso mzere wathunthu wazitsulo ndi flanges.Zopangira zake zapadera zimaphatikizanso ma alloys apamwamba kwambiri ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za austenitic, zopangidwa kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zama projekiti osiyanasiyana a mapaipi.
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