Chitoliro chachitsulo cha ASTM A556 chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati chitoliro chozizira chosasunthika chopanda mpweya chazitsulo zopangira ma tubular feedwater heaters.
Kuchuluka kwake kwa ntchito ndi chitoliro chachitsulo chosasunthika chokhala ndi kukula kwakunja kwapakati pa 15.9-31.8mm ndi makulidwe a khoma osachepera 1.1mm.
Nkhaniyi ikuyang'ana pa chitoliro chachitsulo ndipo sichiphatikizapo U-machubu otchulidwa muyeso.
M'mimba mwake: 5/8 - 1 1/4 mkati [15.9 -31.8 mm].
Khoma makulidwe: ≥ 0.045 mu [1.1 mm].
ASTM A556 imayika magawo atatu,Gawo A2, Gawo B2,ndiGawo C2.
Machubu achitsulo adzapangidwa ndi aopanda msokondondomeko ndipo adzakhala ozizira kukokedwa.
Machubu achitsulo osakanizidwa ndi ozizira amapereka kulondola kwapamwamba komanso kutsirizika kwabwino pamwamba pomwe akuyenga mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono ndikukulitsa mawonekedwe ake amakina monga mphamvu ndi kuuma.Mapangidwe osasunthika amapangitsa kuti machubu azikhala okhazikika komanso otetezeka akakumana ndi zovuta komanso kutentha kwambiri, kuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale omwe amafunikira kulondola kwambiri komanso magwiridwe antchito.
Komabe, machubu achitsulo osasunthika ozizira amakhala okwera mtengo kwambiri chifukwa kupanga kwawo kumakhala kovuta kwambiri ndipo kumafuna magwiridwe antchito ndi zida zapamwamba.Kuphatikiza apo, kupanga kwawo kocheperako, makamaka pakupanga voliyumu yayikulu, sikuli kopanda ndalama ngati kugudubuza kotentha, ndipo nthawi zina pangakhale kutayika kwazinthu zambiri, kuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo pazinthu zina.
Machubu oziziritsa azitenthedwa pakadutsa chozizira chomaliza pa kutentha kwa 1200°F [640°C] kapena kupitirira apo kuti azitha kugudubuza m'machubu komanso kuti agwirizane ndi mawotchi monga momwe anenera.
Ngati kusanthula kwazinthu kuchitidwa, onani ASTM A751 panjira zoyesera.
1. Katundu Wokhazikika
Njira yoyesera: ASTM A450 Gawo 7.
Pamagulu ofikira machubu 50, chubu 1 chidzasankhidwa kuti chiyesedwe.
Pamagulu a machubu opitilira 50, machubu awiri adzasankhidwa kuti ayezedwe.
2. Kuuma
Njira yoyesera: ASTM A450 Gawo 23.
Zitsanzo za machubu awiri oyesera kuchokera pagawo lililonse zidzayesedwa kulimba kwa Brinell kapena Rockwell.
Kulimba kwa Rockwell kwa chitoliro sikungapitirire zomwe zikuwonetsedwa patebulo.
| Gulu | Kuuma |
| Gawo A2 | 72 HRBW |
| Gawo B2 | 79 HRBW |
| Gawo C2 | 89 HRBW |
3. Flattening Mayeso
Njira yoyesera: ASTM A450 Gawo 19.
Kuyezetsa kosalala kumachitidwa pachitsanzo chimodzi kuchokera kumapeto kulikonse kwa chubu chachitsulo chomalizidwa kuchokera pamachubu osapitilira 125 pagawo lililonse.
4. Flaring Test
Njira yoyesera: ASTM A450 Gawo 21.
Mayeso oyaka amayenera kuchitidwa pachitsanzo chimodzi kuchokera kumapeto kwa chubu chomalizidwa, osapitilira machubu 125 osankhidwa pagulu lililonse.
Palibe mayeso ovomerezeka a hydrostatic a mapaipi achitsulo.
Komabe, chitoliro chilichonse cha U chiyenera kuyesedwa mwa hydrostatically ndi madzi osawononga.
Chubu chilichonse chidzayesedwa ndi chida choyesera chosawononga chomwe chimatha kuzindikira zolakwika pagawo lonse la chubu pambuyo pa kutentha kwapamtunda pambuyo pojambula komaliza kozizira.
Njira zoyeserera zosawononga za SpecificationE213, KufotokozeraE309(zazinthu za ferromagnetic), KufotokozeraE426(zazinthu zopanda maginito), kapena KufotokozeraE570akhoza kusankhidwa kuti ayesedwe.
Zololera zotsatirazi sizikugwira ntchito pagawo lopindika la U-chubu.
Chitoliro chomalizidwa chiyenera kukhala chopanda sikelo koma chikhoza kukhala ndi filimu ya oxide pamwamba.
Machubu omalizidwa azikhala owongoka bwino komanso opanda malekezero osalala opanda ma burrs.Machubu azikhala ndi mapeto ngati amisiri ndipo adzakhala opanda zofooka zapamtunda zomwe sizingachotsedwe mkati mwazololedwa zololedwa ndi khoma.
Kuchotsa zolakwika zapamtunda monga zogwirira ntchito, zowongoka, mandrel opepuka ndi ma die marks, maenje osaya, ndi masikelo sizidzafunika pokhapokha ngati zili mkati mwazovomerezeka zovomerezeka zapakhoma.
Ma diameter amkati ndi akunja a chitoliro chomalizidwa ayenera kuphimbidwa kuti zisawonongeke panthawi yoyendetsa.
Zopaka wamba ndidzimbiri kuteteza mafuta, varnishes, kapenautoto.
Kusankhidwa kwa zinthu zokutira nthawi zambiri kumadalira zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito chitoliro chachitsulo, malo ogwiritsira ntchito, komanso nthawi yachitetezo.
Tubular feedwater heaters: Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa ASTM A556 chubu lachitsulo.
M'makampani opangira magetsi, zotenthetsera madzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito potenthetsera madzi a boiler, nthawi zambiri potulutsa nthunzi.Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa machubu achitsulo amtunduwu kumapangitsa kuti mphamvu zotentha zitheke bwino, kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu zamagetsi komanso machitidwe.
Zosintha kutentha ndi condensers: Chifukwa cha kutentha kwabwino kwambiri komanso kukana kwa dzimbiri, ASTM A556 chubu lachitsulo ndiloyeneranso kugwiritsidwa ntchito mumitundu ina yazitsulo zotenthetsera kutentha ndi condensers, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mumitundu yambiri ya mankhwala, petrochemical, ndi mafakitale ena.
Machitidwe othamanga kwambiri: Kutentha kwambiri komanso kukana kwamphamvu kwa ASTM A556 chubing kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina othamanga kwambiri ndi ntchito zina zomwe zimafunikira kupanikizika kwambiri komanso kukana kutentha.
ASTM A179/A179M- Uwu ndi muyeso wazitsulo zosasunthika zokokedwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri komanso machubu a condenser a ntchito ya cryogenic.
ASTM A192/A192M- Imatchula zofunikira zaukadaulo wamachubu osakanizika azitsulo za kaboni zama boiler omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi apamwamba.
ASTM A210/A210M- Muyezo wa machubu a seamless medium carbon ndi carbon-manganese steel boiler chubu ma boilers ndi superheaters.
ASTM A213/A213M- Amapereka miyezo ya chitsulo chosasinthika cha ferritic ndi austenitic alloy steel boilers, superheater, ndi machubu osinthira kutentha.
ASTM A249/A249M- Muyezo womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pawotenthetsera chitsulo cha austenitic, chotenthetsera chapamwamba, chosinthira kutentha, ndi machubu a condenser.
ASTM A334/A334M- Muyezo wa machubu opanda msoko komanso welded carbon ndi alloy steel chubing for cryogenic service.
Iliyonse mwa miyeso iyi imakwirira machubu achitsulo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito posinthanitsa kutentha, ma boilers kapena ntchito zofananira.Muyezo uti womwe umasankhidwa umatengera zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito, monga kutentha kwa magwiridwe antchito, kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga, komanso kukana kwa dzimbiri komwe kukuyembekezeka.
Chiyambireni kukhazikitsidwa mu 2014, Botop Steel yakhala ikugulitsa chitoliro chachitsulo cha carbon ku Northern China, chomwe chimadziwika ndi ntchito zabwino kwambiri, zinthu zamtengo wapatali, komanso zothetsera mavuto.
Kampaniyi imapereka mapaipi osiyanasiyana a zitsulo za carbon ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwirizana nazo, kuphatikizapo zopanda msoko, ERW, LSAW, ndi chitoliro chachitsulo cha SSAW, komanso mzere wathunthu wazitsulo ndi flanges.Zopangira zake zapadera zimaphatikizanso ma alloys apamwamba kwambiri ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za austenitic, zopangidwa kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zama projekiti osiyanasiyana a mapaipi.
