Kaya ndinu watsopano kumakampani a chubu kapena aloyi kapena mwakhala mukuchita bizinesi kwa zaka zambiri, mawu oti "Ndandanda 40" siachilendo kwa inu.Si mawu osavuta, ndi metric yofunika, ndiye tiyeni tifufuze mozama ndikupeza chifukwa chake Ndandanda 40 ili yotchuka kwambiri!
Kodi Pulogalamu 40 ndi chiyani
Chitoliro cha ndondomeko 40 ndi chitoliro chokhala ndi makulidwe enieni a khoma.Kuchuluka kwa khoma kumasiyana malinga ndi kukula kwa chitoliro chakunja.Izi zili choncho chifukwa nambala pambuyo pa Ndandanda sikutanthauza makulidwe enieni a khoma, koma ndikugawa.
Njira yowerengera Nambala ya Ndandanda ndi njira yosavuta yoyezera ubale pakati pa makulidwe a khoma la chitoliro ndi kukanikiza komwe kumayendetsedwa.
Fomula yake ndi iyi:
Nambala ya Ndandanda = 1000 (P/S)
Pimayimira kukakamiza kogwirira ntchito kwa chitoliro, nthawi zambiri mu psi (mapaundi pa inchi imodzi)
Simayimira kupanikizika kochepa kovomerezeka kwa chitoliro pa kutentha kwa ntchito, komanso mu psi (mapaundi pa inchi imodzi).
Fomula iyi imapereka chikhazikitso chamalingaliro kuti timvetsetse ubale pakati pa makulidwe a mapaipi okhala ndi miyeso yosiyana ya Ndandanda ndi kukakamiza kwakukulu komwe angapirire motetezeka.Pochita, mtengo wa ndondomeko ya chitoliro umatanthauziridwa muyeso.
Ndandanda 40:Magawo Amwambo
| NPS | Kunja Diameter (mu) | mkati mwake (mu) | Makulidwe a Khoma (mu) | Kunenepa Kwambiri (lb/ft) | Chizindikiritso |
| 1/8 | 0.405" | 0.269" | 0.068" | 0.24" | Matenda a STD |
| 1/4 | 0.540" | 0.364" | 0.088" | 0.43" | Matenda a STD |
| 3/8 | 0.675" | 0.493" | 0.091" | 0.57" | Matenda a STD |
| 1/2 | 0.840" | 0.622" | 0.109" | 0.85 | Matenda a STD |
| 3/4 | 1.050" | 0.824" | 0.113" | 1.13" | Matenda a STD |
| 1 | 1.315" | 1.049" | 0.133 | 1.68" | Matenda a STD |
| 1 1/4 | 1.660" | 1.380" | 0.140" | 2.27" | Matenda a STD |
| 1 1/2 | 1.900" | 1.610" | 0.145" | 2.72" | Matenda a STD |
| 2 | 2.375" | 2.067" | 0.154" | 3.66" | Matenda a STD |
| 2 1/2 | 2.875" | 2.469" | 0.203" | 5.8 | Matenda a STD |
| 3 | 3.500" | 3.068" | 0.216" | 7.58 | Matenda a STD |
| 3 1/2 | 4.000" | 3.548" | 0.226" | 9.12" | Matenda a STD |
| 4 | 4.500" | 4.026" | 0.237" | 10.8 | Matenda a STD |
| 5 | 5.563" | 5.047" | 0.258" | 14.63 | Matenda a STD |
| 6 | 6.625" | 6.065" | 0.280" | 18.99 | Matenda a STD |
| 8 | 8.625" | 7.981" | 0.322" | 28.58 | Matenda a STD |
| 10 | 10.750" | 10.020" | 0.365" | 40.52" | Matenda a STD |
| 12 | 12.750" | 11.938" | 0.406" | 53.57" | —- |
| 14 | 14.000" | 13.124" | 0.438" | 63.50" | —- |
| 16 | 16.000" | 15.000" | 0.500" | 82.85" | XS |
| 18 | 18.000" | 16.876" | 0.562" | 104.76" | —- |
| 20 | 20.000" | 18.812" | 0.594" | 123.23" | —- |
| 24 | 24.000" | 22.624" | 0.688" | 171.45" | —- |
| 32 | 32.000" | 30.624" | 0.688" | 230.29" | —- |
| 34 | 34.000" | 32.624" | 0.688" | 245.00" | —- |
| 36 | 36.000" | 34.500" | 0.750" | 282.62" | —- |
Ndandanda 40: SI Mayunitsi
| NPS | DN | Kunja Diameter (mm) | mkati awiri (mm) | Khoma Makulidwe (mm) | Plain End Misa (kg/m) | Chizindikiritso |
| 1/8 | 6 (3) | 10.3 | 6.84 | 1.73 | 0.37 | Matenda a STD |
| 1/4 | 8(3) | 13.7 | 9.22 | 2.24 | 0.63 | Matenda a STD |
| 3/8 | 10 | 17.1 | 12.48 | 2.31 | 0.84 | Matenda a STD |
| 1/2 | 15 | 21.3 | 15.76 | 2.77 | 1.27 | Matenda a STD |
| 3/4 | 20 | 26.7 | 20.96 | 2.87 | 1.69 | Matenda a STD |
| 1 | 25 | 33.4 | 26.64 | 3.38 | 2.50 | Matenda a STD |
| 1 1/4 | 32 | 42.2 | 35.08 | 3.56 | 3.39 | Matenda a STD |
| 1 1/2 | 40 | 48.3 | 40.94 | 3.68 | 4.05 | Matenda a STD |
| 2 | 50 | 60.3 | 52.48 | 3.91 | 5.44 | Matenda a STD |
| 2 1/2 | 65 | 73.0 | 62.68 | 5.16 | 8.63 | Matenda a STD |
| 3 | 80 | 88.9 | 77.92 | 5.49 | 11.29 | Matenda a STD |
| 3 1/2 | 90 | 101.6 | 90.12 | 5.74 | 13.57 | Matenda a STD |
| 4 | 100 | 114.3 | 102.26 | 6.02 | 16.08 | Matenda a STD |
| 5 | 125 | 141.3 | 128.2 | 6.55 | 21.77 | Matenda a STD |
| 6 | 150 | 168.3 | 154.08 | 7.11 | 28.26 | Matenda a STD |
| 8 | 200 | 219.1 | 202.74 | 8.18 | 42.55 | Matenda a STD |
| 10 | 250 | 273.0 | 254.46 | 9.27 | 60.29 | Matenda a STD |
| 12 | 300 | 323.8 | 303.18 | 10.31 | 79.71 | —- |
| 14 | 350 | 355.6 | 333.34 | 11.13 | 94.55 | —- |
| 16 | 400 | 406.4 | 381 | 12.70 | 123.31 | XS |
| 18 | 450 | 457 | 428.46 | 14.27 | 155.81 | —- |
| 20 | 500 | 508 | 477.82 | 15.09 | 183.43 | —- |
| 24 | 600 | 610 | 575.04 | 17.48 | 255.43 | —- |
| 32 | 800 | 813 | 778.04 | 17.48 | 342.94 | —- |
| 34 | 850 | 864 | 829.04 | 17.48 | 364.92 | —- |
| 36 | 900 | 914 | 875.9 | 19.05 | 420.45 | —- |
Kukhazikitsa Miyezo ya Ndandanda 40
ASME B36.10M
Amapereka mwatsatanetsatane za Ndandanda 40 mpweya zitsulo chitoliro kuphimba miyeso, makulidwe khoma, ndi kulemera kwa mpweya wosakanizika ndi welded ndi aloyi zitsulo chitoliro.
ASME B36.19M
Muyezo makamaka wa miyeso, makulidwe a khoma, ndi zolemera za zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zopanda msoko ndi zowotcherera zitsulo chitoliro ndi machubu.
Chithunzi cha ASTM D1785
Ndandanda 40 PVC chitoliro zambiri amatsatira muyezo.
ASTM D3035 ndi ASTM F714
Tchulani kukula, makulidwe a khoma, ndi zofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwa chitoliro chapamwamba cha polyethylene (HDPE).
API 5L
Kwa mapaipi am'mizere onyamulira gasi, madzi, ndi mafuta, muyezo uwu umakhazikitsa zofunikira ndi zofunikira popanga mapaipi achitsulo.
AWWA C900
Standard kwa polyvinyl kolorayidi (PVC) kuthamanga chitoliro ndi zovekera kwa madzi.
ndondomeko 40 zakuthupi mitundu
Ndandanda 40 chitoliro akhoza kupangidwa kuchokera zipangizo zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo koma osati okha:
Chitsulo cha Carbon
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyendetsa madzi ndi gasi mitsinje pamavuto otsika mpaka apakati.Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo kayendedwe ka gasi ndi mafuta ndi kayendedwe ka madzi.
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
Zoyenera kunyamula ndi kunyamula zinthu zowononga, makina amadzi otentha, ndi njira zina zamafakitale zomwe zimafuna kutentha kwambiri.
PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride)
Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makina a madzi ozizira ndi ngalande m'nyumba zogona komanso zamalonda.
HDPE (Polyethylene Yapamwamba Kwambiri)
Makamaka popereka madzi am'tauni ndi kuyeretsa zimbudzi ndi ma ngalande.
Chifukwa chiyani Ndandanda 40 imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri
Kunenepa Kwapakatikati
Mapaipi a 40 amapereka makulidwe apakatikati, omwe amawapangitsa kukhala olimba mokwanira kuti athe kuthana ndi ntchito zotsika kwambiri mpaka zapakatikati ndikupewa ndalama zosafunikira zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi makoma okhuthala.
Mtengo wotsika
Poyerekeza ndi mapaipi okhuthala ngati Ndandanda 80, mapaipi a Pulogalamu 40 amapereka ndalama zotsika mtengo pamapulogalamu ambiri pomwe akukwaniritsa zofunikira komanso kulimba.
Ntchito Zosiyanasiyana
Ndandanda 40 mapaipi ndi oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito zosiyanasiyana kachitidwe madzi kutengerapo, kuphatikizapo madzi, ngalande, Kutentha, mpweya wabwino ndi mpweya (HVAC), kufala gasi zachilengedwe, ndi zina, kupanga kukhala kusankha wotchuka kwa zogona, malonda, ndi mafakitale. ntchito.
Yosavuta Kugwira Ntchito Ndi Kukhazikitsa
Makulidwe apakatikati a khoma amapangitsa kuti chitoliro 40 chikhale chosavuta kuchigwiritsa ntchito podula, kuwotcherera, ndikuyika, ndikuwongolera ntchito yomanga.
Kukhalitsa
Dongosolo la 40 mapaipi amapereka chitetezo chabwino kwambiri pamakina komanso kukana dzimbiri chifukwa cha makulidwe ake olimba a khoma, zomwe zimathandizira kugwira ntchito kwanthawi yayitali m'malo osiyanasiyana.
Kutsata Miyezo
Mapaipi a ndandanda 40 amatsatira miyezo yodziwika padziko lonse lapansi monga American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) ndi American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) kuti atsimikizire mtundu wake ndi magwiridwe ake.
Kusavuta Kugula
Chifukwa cha kufalikira kwake, Mapaipi a Pulogalamu 40 amapezeka kwambiri pamsika ndipo amagulidwa mosavuta mumitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi zida.
Kuwunika mozama kwa mapaipi a Pulogalamu 40 kukuwonetsa kuti amapereka ndalama zoyenera malinga ndi mtengo, mphamvu, kulimba, komanso kusinthasintha kwa ntchito.Izi sizimangopangitsa kukhala gawo lofunikira pama projekiti osiyanasiyana.Pomwe kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo ndi miyezo ikusinthidwa pafupipafupi, mapaipi aNdalama 40 mosakayikira apitiliza kugwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi kuti athandizire ntchito yomanga zomangamanga komanso chitukuko cha mafakitale.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-29-2024