Bitewe nuburyo butandukanye bwo gukora, umuyoboro wicyuma udafite icyerekezo urashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri:bishyushye (extrusion) umuyoboro wicyuma udafiten'imbeho ikonje (izunguruka) umuyoboro w'icyuma udafite ikidodo.Imiyoboro ikonje (izunguruka)bigabanijwemo ubwoko bubiri: imiyoboro izengurutse hamwe nigituba kimeze.
Incamake y'ibikorwa
Bishyushye cyane (umuyoboro w'icyuma udafite icyuma): umuyoboro uzengurutswe ushyushye utobora utuzingo dutatu twuzuzanya, guhora uzunguruka cyangwa gukuramo de-pipe ingana (cyangwa kugabanya diameter) gukonjesha umuyoboro wuzuye ugorora ikizamini cya hydraulic (cyangwa gutahura inenge) muri ububiko.
Ubukonje bukonje (buzungurutswe) umuyoboro wicyuma udafite kashe: uruziga ruzengurutse ubusa rushyushye rusobekeranye umutwe wa annealing acide amavuta (isahani yumuringa) gushushanya imbeho nyinshi ikonje (gukonjesha imbeho) kuvura ubushyuhe bwubusa bugorora ibizamini bya hydraulic (ubugenzuzi).
Imiyoboro idafite ibyuma igabanijwemo ubwoko bukurikira bitewe nuburyo bukoreshwa:
GB / T8162-2008 (umuyoboro w'icyuma udafite icyerekezo).Ahanini ikoreshwa muburyo rusange bwububiko nubukanishi.Ibikoresho bihagarariye (ikirango): ibyuma bya karubone 20, 45 ibyuma;ibyuma bivangwa na Q345, 20Cr, 40Cr, 20CrMo, 30-35CrMo, 42CrMo nibindi.
GB / T8163-2008 (umuyoboro w'icyuma udafite icyerekezo cyo gutanga amazi).Ahanini ikoreshwa mugutanga imiyoboro y'amazi kuri injeniyeri n'ibikoresho binini.Ibikoresho bihagarariye (ikirango) ni 20, Q345, nibindi
GB3087-2008.Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu miyoboro yo kugeza amazi make kandi aciriritse mumazi yo mu nganda no guteka murugo.Ibikoresho bihagarariye ni ibyuma No 10 na No 20.
GB5310-2008 (ibyuma bitagira ibyuma kubiteka byumuvuduko mwinshi).Ikoreshwa cyane cyane ku bushyuhe bwinshi n’umuvuduko mwinshi utanga udusanduku two gukusanya amazi hamwe n’imiyoboro kuri sitasiyo y’amashanyarazi hamwe n’amashyanyarazi ya nucleaire.Ibikoresho byerekana ni 20G, 12Cr1MoVG, 15CrMoG, nibindi
GB5312-1999 (ibyuma bya karubone na karubone-manganese ibyuma bidafite ibyuma byubwato).Ikoreshwa cyane cyane kumuyoboro wa I na II wumuvuduko wubwato hamwe na superheater.Ibikoresho byerekana ni 360, 410, 460 amanota yicyuma, nibindi
GB6479-2000 (umuyoboro wicyuma udafite ibikoresho byifumbire mvaruganda).Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gutwara ubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe n’umuvuduko ukabije w’amazi ku bikoresho by’ifumbire.Ibikoresho byerekana ni 20, 16Mn, 12CrMo, 12Cr2Mo nibindi nkibyo.
GB9948-2006 (umuyoboro w'icyuma udafite kashe ya peteroli).Ahanini ikoreshwa mubyuma, guhanahana ubushyuhe hamwe nu miyoboro yo gutwara amazi mumashanyarazi ya peteroli.Ibikoresho bihagarariye ni 20, 12CrMo, 1Cr5Mo, 1Cr19Ni11Nb nibindi nkibyo.
GB18248-2000 (umuyoboro w'icyuma udafite icyuma cya silinderi).Ahanini ikoreshwa mugukora gaze zitandukanye na silindiri hydraulic.Ibikoresho bihagarariye ni 37Mn, 34Mn2V, 35CrMo, nibindi nkibyo.
GB / T17396-1998 (umuyoboro ushyushye utagira ibyuma bya hydraulic).Ahanini ikoreshwa mugukora amakara ya hydraulic ya hydraulic hamwe na silinderi, inkingi, nandi mashanyarazi ya hydraulic hamwe ninkingi.Ibikoresho bihagarariye ni 20, 45, 27SiMn nibindi bisa.
GB3093-1986 (umuvuduko ukabije wumuyoboro wicyuma cya moteri ya mazutu).Ahanini ikoreshwa kumuyoboro mwinshi wa lisansi ya sisitemu yo gutera moteri ya mazutu.Umuyoboro w'icyuma muri rusange ni umuyoboro ukonje, kandi ibikoresho bihagarariye ni 20A.
GB / T3639-1983 (imbeho ikonje cyangwa ikonje ikonje neza neza idafite umuyoboro wicyuma).Ikoreshwa cyane muburyo bwubukanishi, ibikoresho byumuvuduko wa karubone, ibyuma byibyuma bifite uburinganire buringaniye kandi birangiye neza.Igereranya ibikoresho 20, 45 ibyuma nibindi.
GB / T3094-1986 (imiyoboro ikonje ikonje idafite umuyoboro wicyuma).Ahanini ikoreshwa mugukora ibice bitandukanye byubatswe, ibice ni ibikoresho byiza byo mu rwego rwo hejuru bya karubone byubatswe hamwe nicyuma gito cyubatswe.
GB / T8713-1988.Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mukubyara ubukonje bukonje cyangwa bukonje buzengurutswe butagira ibyuma hamwe na diameter yimbere imbere ya silindiri hydraulic na pneumatic.Ibikoresho byayo bihagarariye ni 20, 45 ibyuma nibindi.
GB13296-2007 (ibyuma bitagira umuyonga ibyuma bitagira ibyuma kubitekesha no guhanahana ubushyuhe).Ahanini ikoreshwa mubyuma, superheater, guhanahana ubushyuhe, kondenseri, imiyoboro ya catalitiki, nibindi byinganda zikora imiti.Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwihanganira, umuvuduko mwinshi, umuyoboro wibyuma wangirika.Ibikoresho bihagarariye ni 0Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9Ti, 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti nibindi nkibyo.
GB / T14975-2002 (ibyuma bidafite ingese ibyuma bidafite imiterere).Ikoreshwa cyane muburyo rusange (hoteri, gushushanya resitora) hamwe numuyoboro wibyuma byo kwangirika kwikirere na aside kandi bifite imbaraga muburyo bwubukanishi bwimishinga yimiti.Ibikoresho bihagarariye ni 0-3Cr13, 0Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9Ti, 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti nibindi nkibyo.
GB / T14976-2002 (umuyoboro w'icyuma udafite ingese zo gutwara amazi).Ahanini ikoreshwa mugutanga itangazamakuru ryangirika.Ibikoresho byerekana ni 0Cr13, 0Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9Ti, 0Cr17Ni12Mo2, 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti nibindi nkibyo.
YB / T5035-1993.Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mugukora ibyuma byujuje ubuziranenge bwa karubone yubatswe hamwe nicyuma cyubatswe cyuma gishyushye kizengurutswe nicyuma cyicyuma cyimodoka igice cya axle bushing na axle kumitambiko yimodoka.Ibikoresho bihagarariye ni 45, 45Mn2, 40Cr, 20CrNi3A nibindi nkibyo.
API SPEC5CT-1999 (Casing and Tubing Specification) yakozwe kandi isohoka n'Ikigo cya peteroli cya Amerika ("Umunyamerika") kandi gikoreshwa henshi kwisi.Muri byo: Gufata: umuyoboro usohoka mu iriba uva ku butaka kandi ugakoreshwa nk'uruzitiro rw'urukuta rw'iriba, kandi imiyoboro ihujwe no guhuza.Ibikoresho by'ingenzi ni amanota y'ibyuma nka J55, N80, P110, hamwe n'ibyuma nka C90 na T95 birwanya hydrogène sulfide.Icyiciro cyacyo cyo hasi (J55, N80) kirashobora gusudira umuyoboro wibyuma.Igituba: Umuyoboro winjijwe mumurongo uva hejuru yubutaka ukageza kumavuta, kandi imiyoboro ihujwe no guhuza cyangwa umubiri wuzuye.Igikorwa cyayo nuko pompe itwara amavuta kuva murwego rwamavuta hasi ikoresheje umuyoboro wamavuta.Ibikoresho by'ingenzi ni J55, N80, P110, hamwe n'ibyuma nka C90 na T95 birwanya ruswa ya hydrogen sulfide.Icyiciro cyacyo cyo hasi (J55, N80) kirashobora gusudira umuyoboro wibyuma.
API SPEC 5L-2000 (UmuyoboroIbisobanuro), byakozwe kandi bitangazwa n'ikigo cya Amerika gishinzwe peteroli, gikoreshwa kwisi yose.
Umuyoboro w'umurongo: Amavuta, gaze cyangwa amazi ni byo bivana umwobo hasi bikawujyana mu nganda zikomoka kuri peteroli na gaze binyuze mu muyoboro.Umuyoboro wumurongo urimo ubwoko bubiri bwimiyoboro idasobekeranye kandi isudira, kandi impera yumuyoboro ifite imitwe iringaniye, imitwe yomutwe hamwe nu musozo;uburyo bwo guhuza burangiza gusudira, guhuza, guhuza sock nibindi bisa.Ibikoresho nyamukuru byumuyoboro ni amanota yicyuma nka B, X42, X56, X65 na X70.
Turi ububiko bwa karubone na alloy idafite umuyoboro w'icyuma.Niba ufite ikibazo, nyamuneka twandikire ukoresheje inzira zikurikira.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-01-2022