Umuyoboro wuzuye urukuta rutagira ibyumaGira uruhare runini mumashini ninganda ziremereye kubera imiterere yihariye yubukanishi, ubushobozi bwo gutwara umuvuduko mwinshi, hamwe nigihe kirekire.
Ibikurikira, tuzasesengura byimazeyo ibiranga nibyiza byurukuta runini rwicyuma rudafite ibyuma biturutse kumpande nyinshi kugirango tuguhe ubumenyi bwuzuye bwibicuruzwa.
Uburyo bwo Gukora
Birazwi neza ko inzira yo gukora imiyoboro idafite ibyuma ifite ubwoko bubiri bwo kurangiza no kurangiza bikonje.
Nyamara, kumiyoboro yicyuma idafite uburinganire nubunini bwurukuta, hashobora gukoreshwa gusa ishyushye.
Igikorwa cyo gukora kurangiza gishyushye cyicyuma kitagira icyuma kigizwe ahanini na:
1. Guhitamo fagitire: Hitamo bilet yubunini bukwiye hamwe nibigize imiti ukurikije ingano yanyuma nibisabwa.Guhitamo bilet bifite ingaruka zikomeye kumiterere yibicuruzwa byanyuma.
2. Mbere yo kuvurwa: Kuraho uruhu rwa okiside hamwe nindi mwanda hejuru ya bilet.Menya neza ko ibyo bintu byo hanze bitagira ingaruka kumiterere yigituba mugihe cyo kuvura ubushyuhe no kuzunguruka.
3. Gushyushya fagitire: Fagitire yashyutswe n'ubushyuhe bukwiye kugirango byoroherezwe guhindura plastike.Ubushuhe bugomba kuba bumwe kugirango wirinde ubushyuhe bwibintu biri mubikoresho, bishobora gukurura ibicuruzwa.
4. Kurambirwa no kwagura fagitire: Impapuro zishyushye zizengurutswe zikoreshejwe.Ubunini bwurukuta noneho buragabanuka kandi uburebure bwa bilet bwiyongera mugwagura.
5. Kuzunguruka.Kuzunguruka bishyushye nintambwe nyamukuru mugushinga umuyoboro, ugena imiterere nubunini bwigituba.
6. Uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe: Kugirango tunonosore imiterere yubukanishi hamwe na microstructure ya tebes, tebes ikorerwa uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe nkibisanzwe cyangwa annealing.Irashobora gukuraho imihangayiko, ingano nziza no kunoza ubukana.
7. Kuvura hejuru no kurinda ruswa: Ibi bikubiyemo gusukura no gutwikira, nko gusiga amavuta cyangwa gusiga irangi, kugirango urusheho kurwanya ruswa no kugaragara neza mubyuma.
8. Kugenzura ubuziranenge. hamwe nibisobanuro bya tekiniki hamwe nubuziranenge.
Ibipimo ngenderwaho byububiko butagira ibyuma
ASTM A106: Umuyoboro wa karuboni idafite icyuma cya serivisi yubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
ASTM A53: Umuyoboro wicyuma wirabura kandi ushyutswe kandi ushyizwemo icyuma cya galvanizike yicyuma no gukoresha imashini.
ASTM A333: Umuyoboro w'icyuma udafite ubudodo kandi usudira kuri serivisi y'ubushyuhe buke.
API 5L: Umuyoboro wumurongo wa sisitemu yo gutwara imiyoboro.
API 5CT: Gufata no kuvoma amariba ya peteroli na gaze.
EN 10210: Ibice bidafite icyuma kandi bisudira ibyuma byubatswe byubatswe.
EN 10216: Imiyoboro idafite ibyuma idafite intego.
EN 10297: Umuyoboro wicyuma utagira umuringa hamwe nu miyoboro igamije ubwubatsi rusange.
ISO 3183: Imiyoboro yicyuma ya sisitemu yo gutwara imiyoboro yinganda za peteroli na gaze.
JIS G3454: Imiyoboro ya karubone yo kuvoma igitutu.
JIS G3455: Imiyoboro ya karubone ya serivisi yumuvuduko mwinshi.
JIS G3461: Imiyoboro yicyuma cya karubone kubitsa no guhanahana ubushyuhe.
AS / NZS 1163: Ibice byubusa byibyuma byubatswe.
AS 1074: Imiyoboro y'ibyuma n'ibikoresho.
IS 1161: Ibisobanuro byumuyoboro wibyuma kubikorwa byubaka.
API 5L, ASTM A53, na ASTM A06zikoreshwa kenshi mubisanzwe, ariko kandi murwego runaka rwo gukoresha ubundi buryo.
uyumunsi uruganda rwanjye rwarangije ubugenzuzi kandi rwiteguye kohereza355.6 × 90Umuyoboro wuzuye urukuta rudafite ibyuma, mugushyira mubikorwa ibipimo.
Ibyiza byumukuta winkuta zidafite umuyoboro wicyuma
1.Hejurusimbaraga napressurergutunga: Umuyoboro wibyuma utagira ikizinga urashobora kwihanganira umuvuduko mwinshi udafite intege nke kurwego rwo gusudira rwicyuma gisudira, bigatuma gikwiranye n’umuvuduko ukabije w’ibidukikije.
2. Kurwanya ruswa: Umuyoboro udafite ibyuma urashobora kurwanya ruswa ahantu habi hifashishijwe uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura no kuvura hejuru.
Nka serivisi ya acide ibidukikije, hamwe na serivise yo hanze.
3. Kurwanya ubushyuhe bwo hejuru: Umuyoboro w'icyuma udafite icyerekezo urashobora gukora mubushyuhe bwo hejuru nta gutakaza imbaraga.
4. Ubwinshi bwurukuta: umuyoboro wicyuma udafite ubudodo urashobora gukorwa ukurikije ibikenewe byubunini butandukanye bwurukuta, Uburebure bwurukuta burashobora kugera kuri 100mm, aribwo umuyoboro wicyuma wasuditswe ntushobora kugerwaho, cyane cyane kumurambararo muto wa diametre ufite umuyonga wibyuma.
5. Kuramba kuramba: Bitewe n'imbaraga nyinshi hamwe no kurwanya ruswa, ifite igihe kirekire cyo gukora kandi igabanya ibyago byo kuyitaho.
Ibibi byurukuta rurerure Umuyoboro wicyuma
1.Igiciro: Ugereranije numuyoboro wicyuma wasuditswe cyangwa ubundi burebure bwurukuta rusanzwe igiciro kizaba kinini, iki gicuruzwa gikenera guhindurwa.
2.Inzira yumusaruro: Niba ukeneye gutunganya umusaruro, inzinguzingo yumusaruro ni ndende.
3.Gupimat: Uburebure bwurukuta runini butuma buremerera, bushobora gutuma ubwikorezi nogushiraho bigorana.
4.Inzitizi zingana.
Imikoreshereze yurukuta rurerure rutagira ibyuma
Ibyuma bifunze ibyuma bitagira ibyuma bikoreshwa mu nganda zisaba guhangana n’umuvuduko mwinshi, ubushyuhe bwinshi, imbaraga nyinshi, no kwizerwa neza.
1. Inganda za peteroli na gazi: Ikoreshwa mu gucukura no gutwara peteroli na gaze gasanzwe, cyane cyane kuvoma amariba ya peteroli hamwe nu miyoboro ikorerwa n’umuvuduko ukabije w’ibidukikije.
Inganda zikora imiti: Ikoreshwa mu bimera bya shimi mugukwirakwiza amazi yumuvuduko ukabije cyangwa nkigice cyingenzi mubikoresho byohereza ubushyuhe nka reaction cyangwa ubushyuhe.
3. Inganda zingufu.
4. Umukanishimgukora: Ikoreshwa mugukora ibikoresho byubukanishi bushobora guhangana n’umuvuduko mwinshi, nka sisitemu ya hydraulic, ibyuma, na silinderi mu gukora imodoka.
5. Kubaka no kubakan: kubwubatsi bwubushobozi buke bwo kwikorera imitwaro yinyubako, nkibiraro, imashini nini zifasha imashini, hamwe nibidukikije byumuvuduko mwinshi winkingi.
6. Marineengineering: Ikoreshwa mubwubatsi bwubwato no mukubaka ibibuga byo hanze, cyane cyane mubice bisaba kurwanya ruswa nimbaraga nyinshi.
7. Inganda zo mu kirere no mu kirere: ikoreshwa mugukora indege, satelite satelite, nibindi bintu byingenzi bigize ibinyabiziga byo mu kirere, bisaba ibikoresho bifite ubushyuhe budasanzwe bwo guhangana nubushyuhe bwo hejuru kandi biranga imbaraga.
8. Ibidukikije: kuri sisitemu yo kuvoma mu nganda zitunganya imyanda n’ibikoresho byo gutunganya imyanda, hamwe n’imiyoboro yo gukusanya gaze mu myanda y’umuvuduko mwinshi.
9. Inganda zikoresha amashanyarazi: mu gukuramo ingufu za geothermal, harimo no gucukura amariba ya geothermal no kuvoma imiyoboro yo gutwara amazi ya geothermal.
10. Igisirikare n'Ingabo: Mu buhanga bwa gisirikari, mu gukora ibice byo mu mazi, tank, n’izindi modoka zitwaje ibirwanisho, kimwe n’ibindi bikoresho bya gisirikare bisaba imbaraga nyinshi n’umuvuduko ukabije.
Nubwo ari byinshi mubiciro n'uburemere, ibyuma bikikijwe n'inkuta zidafite ibyuma bisabwa kugirango imbaraga zabo nyinshi, umuvuduko, hamwe no kurwanya ruswa mubikorwa byinshi byinganda.Ibiranga bituma bigira agaciro mubikorwa bya peteroli na gaze, imiti, ingufu, ninganda zikora imashini, cyane cyane aho bikenewe ibikoresho bihoraho kandi hakoreshwa ibidukikije bikaze.
Mugihe igiciro cyambere cyo kugura gishobora kuba kinini, kuramba kuramba hamwe nigiciro gito cyo kubungabunga akenshi bituma igiciro cya nyirubwite cyumvikana.
Ibyiza byacu
Turi umwe mu bayobora imiyoboro ya karubone isudira hamwe n’inganda zitanga ibyuma hamwe n’abatanga ibicuruzwa biva mu Bushinwa, hamwe n’imiyoboro myinshi y’icyuma cyiza cyane kiri mu bubiko, twiyemeje kuguha ibisubizo byuzuye by’ibisubizo by’icyuma.
Kubindi bisobanuro birambuye kubicuruzwa, nyamuneka twandikire, turategereje kugufasha kubona amahitamo meza yicyuma kubyo ukeneye!
Etiquetas: kutagira ikidodo, kurangiza gishyushye, umuyoboro wibyuma, abatanga ibicuruzwa, abakora inganda, inganda, abanyamigabane, amasosiyete, byinshi, kugura, igiciro, ibiciro, ibiciro, kugurisha, igiciro.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-07-2024