ASTM A334Grade 1isimbi isina musono uye yakashomerwa kabhoni simbi pombi yepasi-tembiricha sevhisi.
Iyo ine yakanyanya kabhoni inokwana 0.30%, manganese inosvika 0.40-1.60%, shoma tensile simba re380Mpa (55ksi), uye goho simba re205Mpa (30ksi).
Inonyanya kushandiswa pakufambisa kwemvura munzvimbo dzakaderera-tembiricha, midziyo yefiriji, uye zvimwe zvikumbiro zvemaindasitiri zvinoda kudzika-tembiricha kupikisa.
ASTM A334 ine mamakisi akati wandei ekubata neakasiyana-akadzika-tembiricha nharaunda, anoti:Grade 1, Grade 3, Grade 6, Grade 7, Grade 8, Grade 9, uye Grade 11.
Kune mhando mbiri dzesimbi, kabhoni simbi uye alloy simbi.
Grade 1uyeGrade 6ese ari maviri masimbi ecarbon.
Dzinogona kugadzirwa neisina musono kana welded maitiro.
Mukugadzira machubhu esimbi asina musono, pane maviri ekugadzira maitiro,Kupisa-kupedzwa kana Kutonhora-kudhonzwa.
Sarudzo inotsamira zvakanyanya pakupera kushandiswa kwepombi, ukuru hwepombi, uye zvinodikanwa zvezvinhu zvezvinhu.
Pazasi pane dhayagiramu yekupisa-yakapera seamless yekugadzira maitiro.
Thekupisa kuperaseamless pombi process inosanganisira kudziyisa simbi billet kusvika pakupisa kwakanyanya uyezve kugadzira pombi nekukungurutsa kana kuburitsa.Iyi nzira inoitika pakupisa kwakanyanya uye inobatsira kuvandudza iyo microstructure yezvinhu, nekudaro ichiwedzera kuoma kwayo kwese uye kufanana.
Maitiro ekupisa anopisa anonyanya kukodzera kugadzirwa kwemachubhu akakura-dhayamita uye makobvu-akavezwa, anowanzo shandiswa mumapaipi ekufambisa akawanda uye zvimiro zvekushandisa, uye akakodzera kugadzirwa kwevhoriyamu yakakura nekuda kwemutengo wakaderera.
Inotonhorwamachubhu esimbi asina musono anogadziriswa nekutambanudza mushure mekunge zvinhu zvanyatsotonhodzwa kuti zviwane saizi chaiyo uye chimiro chinodiwa.Iyi nzira inonatsiridza zvakanyanya kurongeka kwedimensional uye kupera kwepasi kwechigadzirwa, nepo kutonhora kwekushanda-kuomesa mhedzisiro inowedzerawo ma mechanic properties yechubhu, senge simba uye kupfeka kuramba.
Iyo inotonhora yekudhirowa maitiro akanyatso kuenderana nekugadzirwa kwemachubhu ane madhayamita madiki uye akatetepa emadziro emadziro uko kukwenenzverwa kwepamusoro uye yakanakisa mhando yepamusoro inodiwa uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakadai se hydraulic system, zvinhu zvemotokari, uye high-pressure midziyo yekusangana. zvinodiwa zvepamusoro-soro, kunyangwe nemutengo wepamusoro.
Gadzirisai nekudziisa kusvika kune tembiricha yakafanana isingasviki 1550 °F [845 °C] uye inotonhorera mumhepo kana mukamuri yekutonhodza yechoto chinodzorwa nemhepo.
Kana kushatirwa kuchidiwa, kunoda kutaurirana.
Kune mamakisi ari pamusoro emachubhu esimbi asina musono chete:
Dzorera uye udzore kushanda kunopisa uye tembiricha yekupisa-kupedza kushanda kusvika pakupedza tembiricha kubva ku1550 - 1750 °F [845 - 955℃] uye kutonhorera muchoto chinodzorwa kubva kune yekutanga tembiricha isingasviki 1550 °F [ 845 °C].
Giredhi 1 chemistry yakagadzirirwa kuyera simba, kuomarara, uye kudzika-tembiricha kuomarara kwekushandisa munzvimbo dzakaderera-tembiricha.
| Giredhi | C(Kabhoni) | Mn(Manganese) | P(Phosphorus) | S(Sulfur) |
| Grade 1 | kusvika 0.30% | 0.40-1.06 % | hukuru 0.025 % | hukuru 0.025 % |
| Pakuderedzwa kwega kwega kwe0.01% kabhoni pazasi 0.30%, kuwedzera kwe0.05% manganese pamusoro pe1.06% kuchabvumidzwa kusvika pa1.35% manganese. | ||||
Carbon ndicho chinhu chikuru chinowedzera kusimba uye kuoma kwesimbi, asi mune yakaderera-tembiricha maapplication, yakakwira kabhoni yemukati inogona kuderedza kuoma kwechinhu.
Giredhi rekutanga, rine huwandu hwekabhoni hunosvika 0.30%, inorondedzerwa sesimbi yakaderera-kabhoni uye inodzorwa pamwero wakaderera kuti uwedzere kusimba kwayo kwepasi-tembiricha.
Yakaverengerwa hudiki hwekurebesa kukosha kune yega yega 1/32 mukati.[0.80 mm] kudzikira mukukora kwemadziro.
Impact kuyedza paGrade 1 simbi tubing inoitwapa -45°C [-50°F], iyo yakagadzirirwa kuonesa kuoma uye kukanganiswa kwekushomeka kwezvinhu munzvimbo dzakaderera-tembiricha.Muedzo unoitwa nekusarudza simba rekuita rakakodzera rinobva pamadziro emadziro epombi yesimbi.
Notched-bar impact specimens ichave iri nyore danda, Charpy-mhando, zvinoenderana neTest Methods E23.Type A, ine V notch.
Nzira mbiri dzakajairika dzekuyera kuomarara ndeye Rockwell uye Brinell kuomarara bvunzo.
| Giredhi | Rockwell | Brinell |
| ASTM A334 Giredhi 1 | B85 | 163 |
Imwe neimwe pombi ichave isina-kukuvadza kuyedzwa magetsi kana hydrostatically zvinoenderana neSTM A1016/A1016M.Kunze kwekunge zvatsanangurwa neimwe nzira muhurongwa hwekutenga, mhando yebvunzo ichashandiswa ichave pasarudzo yemugadziri.
Kuwedzera kune mamaki akatsanangurwa muSpecification A1016/A1016M, iko kumaka kuchasanganisira kupisa kwapera, kutonhora kunokweva, kusina musono, kana kuti welded, uye mavara “LT” achiteverwa netembiricha pakaitwa bvunzo.
Kana iyo pombi yesimbi yakapedzwa isiri yehukuru hwakakwana kuti uwane diki yekukanganisa sampuli, iyo yekumaka haisanganisi mabhii LT uye inoratidzwa tembiricha yekuyedza.
Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumhando dzakasiyana dzemaindasitiri ekushandisa anoda kuderera-tembiricha kushanda.
Cryogenic fluid yekufambisa: Giredhi 1 simbi pombi inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kutakura cryogenic fluid senge liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), uye mamwe cryogenic makemikari.Zvinwiwa izvi zvinowanzoda kutakurwa zvakachengetedzeka patembiricha iri pasi penzvimbo, uye pombi yesimbi yeGrade 1 inochengetedza zvimiro zvayo zvemuviri uye kusimba kwechimiro pane idzi tembiricha dzakaderera.
Refrigeration systems uye midziyo: Inowanzo shandiswa kutonhora kuburitsa pombi mune idzi masisitimu.
Heat exchangers uye condensers: Mashizha ekupisa uye macondensers zvinhu zvakakosha mumaindasitiri uye masimba emagetsi, kazhinji anoshandisa Giredhi 1 simbi tubing sechinhu chekuvaka.Midziyo iyi inoda zvinhu zvinochengetedza simba rakawanda uye kusagadzikana kwekuora pakudziya kwakaderera kuti ive nechokwadi chekuvimbika kwekushanda kwenguva refu uye kushanda zvakanaka.
Cold storage uye firiji zvivako: Munzvimbo inotonhora yekuchengetera uye zvimwe zvivakwa zvefiriji, masisitimu epombi anofanirwa kuchinjirwa kune yakanyanya kuderera tembiricha.giredhi 1 simbi pombi inogona kushandiswa kuvaka masisitimu epombi muzvivakwa izvi nekuda kwekugona kwayo kuramba ichishanda munzvimbo dzinotonhora pasina kukundikana.
1. EN 10216-4: P215NL, P255QL;
2. DIN 17173:TTSt35N;
3. JIS G3460:STPL 380;
4. GB/T 18984: 09Mn2V.
Aya zviyero nemagiredhi zvakagadzirirwa kuve neakaenzana kana akaenzana zvivakwa kune ASTM A334 Giredhi 1, tichifunga nezve yakaderera-tembiricha zvivakwa uye mamwe akakodzera maitiro ekuita.
Kubva payakavambwa muna 2014, Botop Steel yave mutengesi anotungamira wekabhoni simbi pombi kuChamhembe kweChina, inozivikanwa nebasa repamusoro, zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro, uye mhinduro dzakakwana.Iyo kambani inopa dzakasiyana siyana dzekabhoni simbi mapaipi uye zvigadzirwa zvine hukama, zvinosanganisira isina musono, ERW, LSAW, uye SSAW simbi pombi, pamwe neyakakwana mutsara wepombi fittings uye flanges.
Zvigadzirwa zvayo zvehunyanzvi zvinosanganisira alloys epamusoro-giredhi uye austenitic simbi isina tsvina, yakagadzirirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zveakasiyana mapurojekiti epombi.
