API 5L Fasalka BDhuumaha birta waxaa la soo saaray si waafaqsan shuruudaha khuseeyaAPI 5Lwaxaana si weyn loogu isticmaalaa nidaamka gaadiidka dhuumaha ee warshadaha saliidda iyo gaaska.
Darajada Bsidoo kale waxaa lagu tilmaami karaa sidaL245.Dabeecadda ayaa ah in awoodda wax-soo-saarka ugu yar ee tuubada birta ay tahay245 MPa.
Dhuumaha khadka API 5L ayaa lagu heli karaa laba darajo oo kala soocida alaabta:PSL1ugu horrayn waxaa loo isticmaalaa nidaamka gaadiidka caadiga ah, halkaPSL2wuxuu ku habboon yahay xaalado aad u daran oo leh awood farsamo oo sarreeya iyo heerar tijaabo oo adag.
Habka wax-soo-saarku wuxuu noqon karaa mid aan xad lahayn (SMLS), iska caabin koronto oo alxanka leh (ERW), ama lingaxan oo hoostiisa ah (SAW) si loo waafajiyo rakibaadda iyo baahida hawleed ee kala duwan.
Botop Steelwaa soo-saare xirfadle ah oo gidaar weyn leh oo dhumuc weyn leh, dhexroor laba-geesood leh oo hoostiisa ah oo LSAW bir ah oo ku yaal Shiinaha.
Goobta: Cangzhou City, Gobolka Hebei, Shiinaha;
Wadarta maalgashiga: 500 milyan RMB;
Aagga warshadda: 60,000 mitir oo laba jibbaaran;
Awoodda wax-soo-saarka sannadlaha ah: 200,000 tan oo ah tuubooyinka birta ee JCOE LSAW;
Qalabka: Qalab wax soo saar sare leh iyo qalab tijaabo ah;
Takhasuska: LSAW wax soo saarka tuubooyinka birta;
Shahaadada: API 5L waa la shahaado.
API 5L Kala saarista Fasalka B
Waxa loo qaybiyaa noocyo kala duwan oo kala duwan oo ku salaysan Heerarka Tilmaamaha Alaabta (PSL) iyo sidoo kale xaaladaha keenista.
Kala soocidaani waxay ka dhigaysaa xulashada tuubada saxda ah ee saxda ah mid ku habboon si loo daboolo baahiyaha mashruuc gaar ah iyo shuruudaha deegaanka shaqada.
PSL1: B.
PSL2: BR;BN;BQ;BM.
Dhowr tuubbo oo bir ah oo PSL 2 gaar ah ayaa loo isticmaalaa deegaan adeeg gaar ah.
Deegaanka adeega dhanaan: BNS;BQS;BMS
Deegaanka adeega xeebaha: BNO;BQO;BMO
Codsiyada u baahan awoodda cadaadiska balaastikada ee dheer: BNP;BQP;BMP
Shuruudaha gaarsiinta
| PSL | Xaaladda gaarsiinta | Fasalka Beebka/Birta Darajada | |
| PSL1 | Sida-duuban, Caadiye duuban, Heerkulbeeg giringiran, thermomechanical sameeyay, caadi samaynta, caadiyaynta, caadiga ah iyo xanaaqa; ama, haddiiwaa la isku raacay, demiyay oo u xanaaqay tuubada SMLS oo keliya | B | L245 |
| PSL 2 | Sida-duuban | BR | L245R |
| Caadiyeeyn duuban, caadi ka dhigid la sameeyay, caadi la sameeyay, ama caadi laga dhigay oo xanaaqsan | BN | L245N | |
| Demiyey oo xanaaqsan | BQ | L245Q | |
| Thermomechanical giringiriyey ama heerkulbeeg ayaa sameeyay | BM | L245M | |
Xaaladda gaarsiinta ee birta birta inta badan waxaa loola jeedaa daaweynta kulaylka ama daaweynta kale ee lagu fuliyay dhamaadka habka wax soo saarka ee tuubada birta, iyo daaweynta kuwanu waxay leeyihiin saamayn muhiim ah oo ku saabsan sifooyinka farsamo, iska caabin daxalka, iyo xasiloonida qaab dhismeedka Dhuumaha birta.
API 5L GR.B Habka Soo saarista Dhuumaha Birta
Heerka API 5L ee tuubada heerka B waxaa lagu soo saari karaa iyadoo la adeegsanayo mid ka mid ah hababka wax soo saarka ee shaxda soo socota.
| API 5L PSL1 Fasalka B | SMLS | LFW | HFW | SAWL | SAWH | Lo'da | COWH |
| API 5L PSL2 Fasalka B | SMLS | - | HFW | SAWL | SAWH | Lo'da | COWH |
Si aad u ogaato wax badan oo ku saabsan micnaha soo gaabinta Habka Wax-soo-saarka,halkan ku dhufo.
LSAWwaa xalka ugu fiican ee dhexroor weyn, tuubooyinka birta ah ee gidaarka qaro weyn.
Muuqaalka gaarka ah ee muuqaalku waa joogitaanka alxanka ee jihada dheer ee tuubada.
Nooca Dhamaadka Dhuumaha
API 5L Heerka B noocyada dhamaadka tuubooyinka birta way ku kala duwanaan karaan PSL1 iyo PSL2.
PSL 1 Dhamaadka Dhuumaha Birta
Dhammaad dawan; Dhammaad cad;Dhammaadka cad ee isku xidhka gaarka ah; Dhamaadka dunta.
Dhamaadka dawan: Ku xaddidan tuubooyinka D ≤ 219.1 mm (8.625 in) iyo t ≤ 3.6 mm (0.141 in) ee dhammaadka godka.
Dhammaadka xadhkaha leh: Tuubbada xadhigga leh waxay ku kooban tahay SMLS iyo tolmo dhaadheer oo alxan leh oo leh D <508 mm (20 in).
PSL 2 Dhamaadka Dhuumaha Birta
Dhammaad cad.
Si loo dhammeeyo dhuumaha caadiga ah shuruudaha soo socda waa in la raaco:
Wajiyada dhamaadka t ≤ 3.2 mm (0.125 in) tuubada dhamaadka cad waa in la gooyaa afar gees.
Tuubooyinka dhamaadka-dhamaadka leh ee t> 3.2 mm (0.125 in) waa in loo xiiro alxanka.Xagasha garoorku waa in ay ahaataa 30-35°, ballaca wejiga xididka gariirku waa inuu ahaadaa 0.8 - 2.4 mm (0.031 - 0.093 in).
API 5L Darajada B Halabuurka Kiimikada
Halabuurka kiimikada ee PSL1 iyo PSL2 birta birta t> 25.0 mm (0.984 in) waa in lagu go'aamiyaa heshiis.
Halabuurka Kiimikada ee PSL 1 Dhuumaha leh t ≤ 25.0 mm (0.984 in.)
Halabuurka Kiimikada ee PSL 2 Dhuumaha leh t ≤ 25.0 mm (0.984 in.)
Qalabka birta ee PSL2 ayaa lagu falanqeeyay aKaarboonka ≤0.12%, kaarboonka u dhigma CEpcmwaxaa lagu xisaabin karaa qaacidooyinka soo socda:
CEpcm= C + Si/30 + Mn/20 + Cu/20 + Ni/60 + Cr/20 + Mo/15 + V/15 + 5B
Qalabka birta ee PSL2 ayaa lagu falanqeeyay aKaarboonka> 0.12%, kaarboonka u dhigma CEllwwaxa lagu xisaabin karaa qaacidada hoose:
CEllw= C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni +Cu)/15
API 5L Fasalka B Hantida Makaanikada
Hanti Jilicsan
PSL1 GR.B Guryaha Xoojinta
PSL2 GR.B Guryaha Xakamaynta
Ogow: Kordhinta ugu yar ee la cayimay, Afwaa in lagu go'aamiyaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo isla'egta soo socota:
Af= C × (Axc0.2/U0.9)
Cwaa 1940 xisaabinta iyadoo la isticmaalayo unugyada SI iyo 625,000 xisaabinta iyadoo la isticmaalayo cutubyada USC;
Axc waa qaybta tijaabada xajinta ee lagu dabaqi karo aagga iskutallaabta, oo lagu muujiyey millimitir labajibbaaran (inj laba jibaaran), sida soo socota:
1) qaybo tijaabo ah oo iskutallaab ah oo wareeg ah, 130 mm2(0.20 in.2) ee 12.7 mm (0.500 in.) iyo 8.9 mm (0.350 in.) qaybaha tijaabada dhexroor;65 mm2(0.10 in.2) ee 6.4 mm (0.250 in.) qaybaha tijaabada dhexroor;
2) qaybaha tijaabada ah ee buuxa, ka yar ee a) 485 mm2(0.75 inji)2) iyo b) aagga isdhaafka ah ee qaybta tijaabada, T laga soo qaatay iyadoo la adeegsanayo dhexroorka dibadda ee la cayimay iyo dhumucda gidaarka la cayimay ee tuubada, oo lagu soo koobay 10 mm ee ugu dhow.2(0.01 in.2);
3) qaybaha tijaabada xariijimaha, ka yar ee a) 485 mm2(0.75 inji)2) iyo b) aagga isdhaafka ah ee qaybta tijaabada, oo laga soo qaatay iyadoo la isticmaalayo ballaca la cayimay ee qaybta tijaabada iyo dhumucda gidaarka la cayimay ee tuubada, oo lagu soo koobay 10 mm ee ugu dhow.2(0.01 in.2);
Uwaa xoogga xajinta ugu yar ee la cayimay, oo lagu muujiyay megapascals (pounds per square).
Qallooca Tijaabada
Qayb ka mid ah muunada waa in aan dillaacin alxankuna ma dillaaci doono.
Tijaabada fidsan
Laguma dabaqi karo birta LSAW.
Ku haboonEW, LWiyoCWnoocyada wax soo saarka ee tuubooyinka.
Tijaabada qaloocsan ee la hago
Shaac wixii dildilaac ah ama dildilaaca birta alxanka ah ee ka dheer 3.2 mm (0.125 in), iyada oo aan loo eegin qoto dheer.
Muuji dildilaacyada ama dillaacyada ku jira birta waalidka, HAZ, ama khadka fiyuuska ee ka dheer 3.2 mm (0.125 in) ama ka qoto dheer 12.5 % dhumucda gidaarka la cayimay.
Tijaabada Saamaynta CVN ee PSL 2 Pipe
CVN (Charpy V-Notch) Tijaabada Saamaynta, hab imtixaan heersare ah oo lagu qiimaynayo adkaanta agabka marka culaysyada degdega ah la saaro.
Shuruudaha soo socdaa waxay khuseeyaan darajooyinka ≤ X60 ama L415.
| Shuruudaha Tamarta ee la nuugo CVN ee Jirka Tubooyinka PSL 2 | |
| Dhexdhexaad ka baxsan oo cayiman D mm (gud) | Cabbirka buuxa ee CVN Nuugista Tamarta min Kv J (ft.lbf) |
| ≤762 (30) | 27 (20) |
| ＞762 (30) ilaa 2134 (84) | 40 (30) |
Tijaabada DWT ee PSL 2 Dhuumaha Welded
Celceliska aagga dhogorta tijaabada kasta waa inuu noqdaa ≥ 85 % heerkulka tijaabada 0 °C (32 °F).
Tuubooyinka leh dhumucdiisuna> 25.4 mm (1 in.), shuruudaha aqbalaadda ee imtixaanka DWT waa in laga xaajoodo.
Baaritaanka Hydrostatic
Waqtiga Imtixaanka
Dhammaan cabbirrada tuubooyinka birta ah ee aan xidhnayn iyo kuwa alxanka leh ee leh D ≤ 457 mm (18 in.):waqtiga imtixaanka ≥ 5s;
Dhuumaha birta alxanka leh D> 457 mm (18 in.):waqtiga imtixaanka ≥ 10s.
Inta jeer ee tijaabada
Tuub kasta oo bir ah.
Tijaabi cadaadiska
Cadaadiska tijaabada hydrostatic P ee atuubo bir ah oo aan dhammaad lahaynwaxaa lagu xisaabin karaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo qaacidada.
P = 2St/D
Swaa diiqada hoop.qiimuhu wuxuu la mid yahay xoogga wax-soo-saarka ugu yar ee la cayimay ee tubada birta boqolkiiba xa, gudaha MPa (psi);
Loogu talagalay API 5L Fasalka B, boqolleyda waa 60% cadaadiska tijaabada caadiga ah iyo 70% cadaadiska tijaabada ikhtiyaariga ah.
D <88.9 mm (3.500 in.), looma baahna in cadaadiska imtixaanku ka sarreeyo 17.0 MPa (2470 psi);
D> 88.9 mm (3.500 in.), looma baahna in cadaadiska imtixaanku ka sarreeyo 19.0 MPa (2760 psi).
twaa dhumucda darbiga la cayimay, ee lagu muujiyay millimitir (inji);
Dwaa dhexroorka dibadda ee la cayimay, oo lagu muujiyey millimitir (inji).
Kormeerka aan burburin
Tubooyinka SAW, laba hab,UT(baaritaan ultrasonic) amaRT(baaritaan shucaac ah), ayaa badanaa la isticmaalaa.
ET(tijaabada elektromagnetic) laguma dabaqi karo tubooyinka SAW.
Tolmada alxanka leh ee tuubooyinka alxanka leh ee darajooyinka ≥ L210/A iyo dhexroorka ≥ 60.3 mm (2.375 in) waa in si aan burbursanayn loo eegi dhumuc iyo dherer buuxa (100%) sida lagu qeexay.
UT baaritaan aan burburin
RT baaritaan aan burburin
Sheeg dhexroorka Banaanka iyo dhumucda gidaarka
Qiimayaasha la jaanqaaday ee dhexroorka ka baxsan ee cayiman iyo dhumucyada gidaarka ee tuubada birta ee la cayimay ayaa lagu bixiyaaISO 4200iyoASME B36.10M.
Dulqaadyada cabbirka
Dulqaadyada dhexroorka iyo ka-baxsanaanta
Dhexroorka tuubada birta waxaa lagu qeexaa sida wareegga tuubada ee diyaarad kasta oo wareeg ah oo loo qaybiyo π.
Dulqaadyada Dhumucda gidaarka
Dulqaadka Dhererka
Dhererka qiyaas ahaanwaa in lagu bixiyaa dulqaad dhexda ± 500 mm (20 in.).
Dulqaadka loogu talagalaydhererka random
| Magacaabista Dhererka Random m (ft) | Dhererka ugu Yar m (ft) | Celceliska Dhererka ugu Yar ee shay kasta oo Dalbasho ah m (ft) | Dhererka ugu badan m (ft) |
| Dhuumaha xadhig-iyo-isku-xidhan | |||
| 6 (20) | 4.88 (16.0) | 5.33 (17.5) | 6.86 (22.5) |
| 9 (30) | 4.11 (13.5) | 8.00 (26.2) | 10.29 (33.8) |
| 12 (40) | 6.71 (22.0) | 10.67 (35.0) | 13.72 (45.0) |
| Dhuumaha-dhamaadka cad | |||
| 6 (20) | 2.74 (9.0) | 5.33 (17.5) | 6.86 (22.5) |
| 9 (30) | 4.11 (13.5) | 8.00 (26.2) | 10.29 (33.8) |
| 12 (40) | 4.27 (14.0) | 10.67 (35.0) | 13.72 (45.0) |
| 15 (50) | 5.33 (17.5) | 13.35 (43.8) | 16.76 (55.0) |
| 18 (60) | 6.40 (21.0) | 16.00 (52.5) | 19.81 (65.0) |
| 24 (80) | 8.53 (28.0) | 21.34 (70.0) | 25.91 (85.0) |
Dulqaadka Toosannimada
leexashada toosan eedhererka oo dhan tuubada: ≤ 0.200 L;
leexashada toosan ee1.5 m (5.0 ft) dhamaadka tuubada birta: ≤ 3.2mm (0.125 in.).
Dulqaadka Toosannimada
Labajibaarnaanta dhamaadka waxa lagu qeexaa labajibbaaran ilaa dhamaadka tuubada.
Ka baxsan labajibbaaran waa inay ahaataa <1.6 mm (0.063 in.).Ka-baxsanaanta-squareness waxaa lagu qiyaasaa farqiga u dhexeeya dhammaadka tuubada iyo lugta dhammaadka tuubada.
Dulqaadyada tolidda alxanka
Deminta shucaaca ugu badan ee la oggol yahayee SAW iyo Dhuumaha lo'da.
| Dhumucda gidaarka ee cayiman t mm (gud) | Deminta shucaaca ugu badan ee la oggol yahayamm (gud) |
| ≤ 15.0 (0.590) | 1.5 (0.060) |
| > 15.0 (0.590) ilaa 25.0 (0.984) | 0.1t |
| > 25.0 (0.984) | 2.5 (0.098) |
| aXuduudahaani waxay sidoo kale khuseeyaan alxanka dhamaadka saxanka | |
Dhererka alxanka ee la oggol yahay ee ugu badanoo loogu talagalay SAW iyo Dhuumaha Lo'da (marka laga reebo tuubooyinka dhammaadka).
| Dhumucda gidaarka ee cayiman mm (gud) | Weld Bead Height mm (gud) maxim | |
| Dumar gudaha ah | Tuul Dibadeed | |
| ≤13.0 (0.512) | 3.5 (0.138) | 3.5 (0.138) |
| > 13.0 (0.512) | 3.5 (0.138) | 4.5 (0.177) |
Alxanku waa inuu lahaadaa si habsami leh oo loogu wareego dusha tuubada birta ee ku xigta.
Alxanka dhamaadka tuubooyinka waa in la dejiyaa dhererka 100 mm (4.0 in.) oo leh dhererka alxanka haraaga ah ee ≤ 0.5 mm (0.020 in.).
Dulqaadyada Mass
Tuub kasta oo bir ah：
a) tuubada cabbirka iftiinka gaarka ah: -5.0% - + 10.0%;
b) tuubooyinka darajada L175, L175P, A25, iyo A25P: -5.0% - +10.0%;
c) dhammaan tuubooyinka kale: -3.5% - +10.0%.
Dhuumaha halkii bakhti(≥ 18 tan (20 tan) dalabka badan):
a) ee darajooyinka L175, L175P, A25, iyo A25P: -3.5 %;
b) dhammaan darajooyinka kale: -1.75 %.
API 5L GR.B Codsiyada
API 5L Fasalka B tuubo bir ah waa nooc ka mid ah tuubooyinka khadka, inta badan loo isticmaalo in lagu qaado dareerayaasha sida saliidda, gaasta dabiiciga ah, iyo biyaha, waana mid ka mid ah walxaha sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo warshadaha saliidda iyo gaaska.
Nidaamyada gudbinta saliidda iyo gaaska: API 5L Fasalka B tuubooyinka birta waxaa caadi ahaan loo isticmaalaa goobaha saliidda iyo gaaska laga soo saaro iyo tas-hiilaadka habaynta si loogu qaado saliidda cayriin iyo gaaska dabiiciga ah nidaamyada ururinta ama qalabka wax lagu sameeyo.
Dhuumaha biyaha: Daawaynta dusha sare ee dheeraadka ah, sida dahaarka ama dahaarka, ayaa laga yaabaa in lagu dabaqo si loo hagaajiyo caabbinta daxalka si loogu isticmaalo gudbinta biyaha, oo ay ku jiraan sahayda biyaha iyo hababka waraabka.
Sifeynta: Warshadaha sifaynta, API 5L Fasalka B birta waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu qaado kiimikooyin kala duwan iyo kuwa dhex dhexaadiya oo ka soo jeeda jajabka saliida ceyriinka ah.
Dhismaha iyo kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha: Warshadaha dhismaha, dhisidda buundooyinka, qaababka taageerada, ama mashaariicda kale ee muhiimka ah ee kaabayaasha, gaar ahaan meelaha gaadiidka fogfog ee dareeraha loo baahan yahay.
API 5L Fasalka B U dhigma
ASTM A106 Fasalka BTuubooyinka birta kaarboon ee aan kala go'a lahayn sida caadiga ah waxaa loo isticmaalaa adeeg heerkul sare leh, oo leh halabuurka kiimikaad iyo sifooyin farsamo oo aad ugu eg API 5L Grade B. ASTM A106 Fasalka B waxaa caadi ahaan loo isticmaalaa qaadista uumiga biyaha kulul, kiimikooyinka, iyo alaabta batroolka.
ASTM A53 Fasalka B: Tani waa nooc kale oo ka mid ah tuubooyinka birta ee kaarboon, kaas oo la alxan karo ama aan lahayn, waxaana si weyn loogu isticmaalaa farsamooyinka, dhismaha, iyo codsiyada kale ee injineernimada.In kasta oo marka hore loo isticmaalo codsiyada cadaadiska hooseeya iyo heerkulka, qaar ka mid ah cabbiraadaha hantideeda makaanikada waxay la mid yihiin API 5L Fasalka B.
EN 10208-2 L245NBWaxaa loo isticmaalaa soo saarista dhuumaha si loogu qaado gaaska guban kara iyo dareerayaasha kale.L245NB (1.0457) waa bir dhumuc dhexdhexaad ah oo leh sifooyin farsamo oo la mid ah API 5L Fasalka B.
ISO 3183 L245: Loo isticmaalo nidaamka gaadiidka dhuumaha ee warshadaha saliidda iyo gaaska.L245 ee ISO 3183 aad bay ugu dhow yihiin guryaha API 5L Fasalka B oo inta badan waxaa loo isticmaali karaa isbeddel.
Adeegyada Dheeraadka ah ee aan Bixin karno
Botop SteelKaliya maaha inay bixiso API 5L oo tayo sare leh tuubo bir ah, laakiin sidoo kale waxay ku siinaysaa adeegyo taageero oo taxane ah, oo ay ku jiraan tiro balaadhan oo ah xulashooyinka daahan ka-hortagga daxalka, xalalka baakadaha shakhsi ahaaneed, iyo taageero saadka oo dhamaystiran si loo hubiyo inaan la kulmi karno kala duwanaantaada. baahida.
Waxaa naga go'an inaan abuurno madal wax-soo-saarka hal-joog ah oo kuu oggolaanaysa inaad si ku habboon u gasho dhammaan badeecadaha iyo adeegyada aad u baahan tahay.Adeegyadeena xirfadaysan oo la isku halayn karo, waxaad u dhamaystiri kartaa talaabo kasta oo mashruucaaga ah si hufan oo aan dhib lahayn, hubinta tayada iyo horumarka.Hadafkayagu waa inaan noqono lamaanahaaga ugu kalsoonida badan.
Dahaarka ka-hortagga daxalka
Botop Steelwaxay bixisaa tiro balaadhan oo ah fursadaha daahan ilaalinta daxalka, oo ay ku jiraanrinji, galvanized,3LPE (HDPE), 3LPP,FBE, iyo miisaannada sibidhka leh, si aad u buuxiso shuruudaha isticmaalka ee kala duwan ee mashruucaaga.
baakad
Waxaan bixinaa xulashooyin baakadaha kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan baalasha, daamurrada, sanduuqyada, iyo koofiyadaha tuubooyinka, kuwaas oo loo habeyn karo si loo daboolo baahiyahaaga gaarka ah.
Taageero farsamo
Shirkadeena waxaa ka go'an inay bixiso adeegyo taageero farsamo oo dhamaystiran oo daboolaya dhammaan marxaladaha mashruuca.Laga soo bilaabo hindise-u-diyaarinta mashruuca kahor ilaa soo iibinta mashruuca dhexe iyo qabanqaabada gaadiidka, dayactirka mashruuca kadib iyo cilad-baadhista, kooxdayada xirfadlayaasha ahi waxay ku siin karaan talo khabiir iyo taageero.
Hadafkayagu waa inaanu kaa caawino iibsashada alaab tayo sare leh oo la awoodi karo gudaha Shiinaha, anagoo hubinayna in mashruucaagu u socdo si habsami leh oo kharash-ku-ool ah.Waxaan rajeyneynaa inaan kula shaqeyno si aan u abuurno mustaqbal guul-guuleysi leh.
