ASTM A513 bir ahwaa kaarboon iyo bir daawaha ah iyo tuubo laga sameeyay birta kulul ama qabow-duuban sida walxo ceeriin ah oo alxanka iska caabin ah (ERW), kaas oo si weyn loogu isticmaalo dhammaan noocyada qaab dhismeedka farsamada.
Nooca 5gudaha heerka ASTM A513 waxaa loola jeedaaLa sawiray Mandrel (DOM)tuubo.
Tuubbada DOM waxaa la soo saaraa iyadoo marka hore sameysa tuubo alxanka ah ka dibna qabow u sawiri iyada oo dhex dhintaan iyo in ka badan mandrels si loo dhammeeyo dulqaad cabbir dhow iyo dhammayn siman oo dusha sare ah marka loo eego noocyada kale ee tuubooyinka alxanka.
Heerka fulinta: ASTM A513
Qalab: Bir-kulul ama qabow-duuban
Nooca:Nooca 1 (1a ama 1b)Nooca 2, Nooca 3, Nooca 4, Nooca 5, Nooca6.
Fasalka: MT 1010, MT 1015,1006, 1008, 1009 iwm.
Daawaynta kulaylka: NA, SRA, N.
Baaxadda iyo dhumucda gidaarka
Qaabka qaybta bannaan: wareegsan, afar gees ah, ama qaabab kale
Dhererka
Wadarta tirada
Noocyada ASTM A513 waxaa lagu kala soocaa iyadoo lagu saleynayo xaalado kala duwan ama hababka tuubada birta.
ASTM A513 tubbada wareega nooca 5 darajooyinka guud waa:
1008, 1009, 1010, 1015, 1020, 1021, 1025, 1026, 1030, 1035, 1040, 1340, 1524, 4130, 4140.
Wareeg
Laba geesood ama afar gees ah
Qaababka kale
sida toosan, laba geesood, octagonal, wareegsan gudaha iyo lix geesood ama octagonal dibadda, feeraha gudaha ama dibadda, saddex xagal, leydi wareegsan, iyo qaababka D.
Bir-kulul ama qabow-duuban
Alaabta ceeriin ee wax soo saarka birta kulul ama qabow-rogid waxaa lagu soo saari karaa hab kasta.
Bir-Ku-lulaash ah: Habka wax-soo-saarka, birta kulul ee kulul ayaa marka hore lagu kululeeyaa heerkul sare, taas oo u oggolaanaysa in birta lagu duubo xaalad caag ah, taas oo sahlaysa in la beddelo qaabka iyo cabbirka birta.Dhammaadka habka rogrogmida kulul, maadada sida caadiga ah waa la miisaamayaa oo qaabaysan.
Birta Qabow-Gool: Birta qabow ee duuban ayaa la sii rogaa ka dib marka maaddadu qaboojiso si loo gaaro cabbirka iyo qaabka la rabo.Nidaamkan waxaa badanaa lagu sameeyaa heerkulka qolka wuxuuna keenaa birta leh tayada dusha sare iyo cabbirka saxda ah.
Tuubooyinka waa in ay sameeyaanKoronto-iska-caabbinta-welded (ERW)habka.
Dhuumaha ERW waa habka abuurista alxanka iyadoo la isku duubayo walxo macdan ah oo ku jira dhululubo oo la isticmaalayo iska caabin iyo cadaadis dhererkeeda.
Birtu waa inay u hoggaansamaan shuruudaha ka kooban kiimikaad ee lagu qeexay shaxda 1 ama shaxda 2.
| Darajo | Yied Xoog ksi [MPa], min | Xoogga ugu dambeeya ksi [MPa], min | Dheeraynta gudaha 2 inji (50 mm), daq, | RB min | RB max |
| Tuubooyinka DOM | |||||
| 1008 | 50 [345] | 60 [415] | 5 | 73 | - |
| 1009 | 50 [345] | 60 [415] | 5 | 73 | - |
| 1010 | 50 [345] | 60 [415] | 5 | 73 | - |
| 1015 | 55 [380] | 65 [450] | 5 | 77 | - |
| 1020 | 60 [415] | 70 [480] | 5 | 80 | - |
| 1021 | 62 [425] | 72 [495] | 5 | 80 | - |
| 1025 | 65 [450] | 75 [515] | 5 | 82 | - |
| 1026 | 70 [480] | 80 [550] | 5 | 85 | - |
| 1030 | 75 [515] | 85 [585] | 5 | 87 | - |
| 1035 | 80 [550] | 90 [620] | 5 | 90 | - |
| 1040 | 80 [550] | 90 [620] | 5 | 90 | - |
| 1340 | 85 [585] | 95 [655] | 5 | 90 | - |
| 1524 | 80 [550] | 90 [620] | 5 | 90 | - |
| 4130 | 85 [585] | 95 [655] | 5 | 90 | - |
| 4140 | 100 [690] | 110[760] | 5 | 90 | - |
| DOM-Tubooyinka Cadaadis-ka-qabashada | |||||
| 1008 | 45 [310] | 55 [380] | 12 | 68 | - |
| 1009 | 45 [310] | 55 [380] | 12 | 68 | - |
| 1010 | 45 [310] | 55 [380] | 12 | 68 | - |
| 1015 | 50 [345] | 60 [415] | 12 | 72 | - |
Xusuusin 1: Qiimayaashani waxay ku salaysan yihiin heerkul-qaboojinta cadaadiska-shiidka caadiga ah.Codsiyada gaarka ah, guryaha waxaa lagu hagaajin karaa gorgortanka u dhexeeya iibsadaha iyo soo saaraha.
Xusuusin 2: Tijaabooyin xariijimo dhaadheer ah, ballaca qaybta cabbiradu waa inay ahaataa sida waafaqsan A370 Annex A2, Alaabooyinka Tubularka Birta, iyo ka jarista boqolkiiba 0.5 dhibcaha ugu hooseeya ee mid kasta1/32hoos u dhaca dhumucda gidaarka [0.8 mm].5/16in [7.9 mm] dhumucda gidaarka waa in la oggolaadaa.
1% dhammaan tuubooyinka qayb kasta oo aan ka yarayn 5 tuubbo.
Tuubooyinka wareega iyo tuubooyinka sameeya qaabab kale marka ay wareegsan yihiin ayaa lagu dabaqi karaa.
Tuubooyinka oo dhan waxa la siin doonaa tijaabo hydrostatic ah.
Ku ilaali cadaadiska ugu yar ee tijaabada biyaha wax aan ka yarayn 5s.
Cadaadiska waxaa loo xisaabiyaa sida:
P=2St/D
P= cadaadiska ugu yar ee tijaabada hydrostatic, psi ama MPa,
S= stress fiber la ogol yahay ee 14,000 psi ama 96.5 MPa,
t= dhumucdiisuna waxay cayiman tahay, gudaha ama mm,
D= dhexroor ka baxsan oo cayiman, gudaha ama mm.
Ujeedada baaritaankan waa in la diido tubooyinka ay ku jiraan cilladaha dhaawaca ah.
Tuubo kasta waa in lagu tijaabiyaa tijaabo koronto oo aan burbursanayn si waafaqsan Practice E213, Practice E273, Practice E309, ama Practice E570.
Dhexroorka dibadda
Shaxda 5Dulqaadyada Dhexroorka ee Noocyada 3, 4, 5, iyo 6 (SDHR, SDCR, DOM, iyo SSID) Wareega
Dhumucda darbiga
Shaxda 8Dulqaadyada Dhumucda Darbiga ee Noocyada 5 iyo 6 (DOM iyo SSID) Tuubooyinka Wareegga (Cutubyada inch)
SHAXDA 9Dulqaadyada Dhumucda Darbiga ee Noocyada 5 iyo 6 (DOM iyo SSID) Tuubooyinka Wareegga (Si Cutubyada)
Dhererka
Shaxda 13Dulqaadyada Dhererka-Jaray ee Tuubooyinka Wareegga-Lathe-cut
Shaxda 14aadDulqaadyada Dhererka ee Tuubooyinka Wareega ee Feer-, Saw-, ama Goynta-Dig-goynta
Squareness
Shaxda 16aadDulqaadyada, Bannaanka Cabirka Square iyo Tubadaha leydiga ah
U calaamadee macluumaadka soo socda si habboon ul kasta ama xidhmo kasta.
magaca soo saaraha ama summada, cabbirka la cayimay, nooca, lambarka dalbashada iibsadaha, iyo lambarkan faahfaahinta.
Barcoding waa la aqbali karaa sidii hab aqoonsi oo dheeri ah.
Tuubooyinka waa in lagu daboolaa filim saliid ah ka hor inta aan la dhoofin si dib loogu dhigo miridhku.
Haddii dalabku caddeeyo in tuubooyinka la soo raro iyada oo aan la haysansaliid dib u dhigista miridhku, filimka saliidaha ee lama filaanka ah ee soo saarista ayaa ku sii jiri doona dusha sare.
Waxay si wax ku ool ah uga hortagi kartaa dusha sare ee tuubada inay ka falceliso qoyaanka iyo ogsijiinta hawada, sidaas darteed ka fogaanshaha miridhku iyo daxalka.
Runtii, halka saliidda saliidda aasaasiga ah ama saliidda fudud ay bixin karto xoogaa ilaalin ku meel gaar ah, codsiyada u baahan ilaalin heer sare ah, daaweynta ilaalinta daxalka ee habboon waa in lagu doortaa xaalad-kiis.
Tusaale ahaan, dhuumaha la aasay, a3PE(saddex lakab oo polyetylen ah) daahan ayaa loo isticmaali karaa si loo bixiyo ilaalinta daxalka muddada dheer;dhuumaha biyaha, anFBE(Fusion- bonded epoxy budada) daahan ayaa lagu dabaqi karaa, halkagalvanizeddaawayntu waxay noqon kartaa doorasho wax ku ool ah marka laga eego meelaha looga baahan yahay ilaalinta daxalka zinc.
Iyada oo la adeegsanayo tignoolajiyada ilaalinta daxalka ee gaarka ah, nolosha adeegga ee tuubada ayaa si weyn loo kordhin karaa oo la ilaalin karaa shaqeynteeda.
Saxnimo sareDulqaadyo cabbir ka yar tuubooyinka kale ee alxanka leh.
Tayada dusha sareDusha sare ee jilicsan ayaa ku habboon codsiyada u baahan muuqaalka bilicsanaanta iyo cilladaha dusha ugu yar.
Xoog iyo adkeysi: Habka sawir-qabowgu wuxuu kor u qaadaa sifooyinka farsamada, taas oo ka dhigaysa mid ku habboon codsiyada cadaadiska sare.
Mashiinka: Si sahlan loo mashiin karo sababtoo ah qaab-dhismeedkiisa isku midka ah iyo sifooyinka joogtada ah ee walxaha oo dhan.
Warshadaha baabuurta: soo saarida qaybaha muhiimka ah sida shafts-ka, tuubooyinka xadhkaha, tiirarka isteerinka, iyo nidaamyada hakinta.
Qaybaha hawada sare: soo saarida baadiyaha iyo qaybaha qaab dhismeedka aan muhiimka ahayn ee diyaaradaha.
Mashiinada warshadaha: Si ballaaran loo isticmaalo soo saarista shafka, geerka, iwm.
Alaabta ciyaarahaQaybaha qaab dhismeedka sida xargaha baaskiilka ee waxqabadka sarreeya iyo qalabka jirdhiska.
Qaybta tamarta: loo isticmaalo biraha ama qaybaha rullaluistuyada ee muraayadaha qorraxda.
Waxaan nahay mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu horreeya ee birta birta ah ee alxanka leh iyo soosaarayaasha tuubooyinka birta ah ee birta ah iyo alaab-qeybiyeyaasha Shiinaha, oo leh noocyo badan oo birta birta ah oo tayo sare leh oo kayd ah, waxaa naga go'an inaan ku siinno noocyo badan oo ah xalalka tuubooyinka birta.
Faahfaahin dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan badeecada, fadlan xor u noqo inaad nala soo xiriirto, waxaan rajeyneynaa inaan kaa caawino inaad hesho fursadaha ugu fiican ee tuubada birta ee baahidaada!
