Q345 ke thepa ea tšepe. Ke tšepe e nang le motsoako o tlase (C<0.2%), e sebelisoang haholo kahong, marokhong, likoloing, likepeng, likepeng tsa khatello, jj. Q e emela matla a tlhahiso ea thepa ena, 'me 345 e latelang e bua ka boleng ba tlhahiso ea thepa ena, e leng hoo e ka bang 345 MPa. 'Me boleng ba tlhahiso bo tla fokotseha ha botenya ba thepa bo eketseha.
Q345 e na le thepa e ntle e akaretsang ea mechini, ts'ebetso e amohelehang ea mocheso o tlase, polasetiki e ntle le ho tjheseletsa, 'me e sebelisoa e le meaho, likarolo tsa mechini, meaho, likarolo tsa meaho ea tšepe ka kakaretso, tse phutholohileng ka ho chesa kapa tse tloaelehileng, li ka sebelisoa meahong e fapaneng libakeng tse batang tse ka tlase ho -40°C.
Tlhophiso
Q345 e ka aroloa ka Q345A,Q345B, Q345C, Q345D, Q345E ho ya ka sehlopha. Seo ba se emelang haholo-holo ke mocheso wa ho tshoha.
Boemo ba Q345A, ha ho na tshusumetso;
Boemo ba Q345B, tšusumetso e tloaelehileng ea mocheso oa likhato tse 20;
Boemo ba Q345C, ke tshusumetso ya tekanyo ya 0;
Boemo ba Q345D, ke tšusumetso ea likhato tse -20;
Boemo ba Q345E, ke tšusumetso ea likhato tse -40.
Maemong a fapaneng a mocheso oa ho tšoha, boleng ba ho tšoha le bona boa fapana.
metsoako ea lik'hemik'hale
Q345A：C≤0.20,Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.045，S≤0.045，V 0.02~0.15；
Q345B：C≤0.20， Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.040，S≤0.040，V 0.02~0.15；
Q345C：C≤0.20，Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.035，S≤0.035，V 0.02~0.15，Al≥0.015；
Q345D：C≤0.20，Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.030，S≤0.030，V 0.02~0.15，Al≥0.015；
Q345E：C≤0.20，Mn ≤1.7，Si≤0.55，P≤0.025，S≤0.025，V 0.02~0.15，Al≥0.015；
khahlano le 16Mn
Tšepe ea Q345 e nkela sebaka mefuta ea khale ea 12MnV, 14MnNb, 18Nb, 16MnRE, 16Mn le mefuta e meng ea tšepe, eseng feela sebaka sa tšepe ea 16Mn. Mabapi le metsoako ea lik'hemik'hale, 16Mn le Q345 le tsona lia fapana. Habohlokoa le ho feta, ho na le phapang e kholo boholo ba sehlopha sa botenya ba litšepe tse peli ho latela phapang ea matla a tlhahiso, 'me sena se tla baka liphetoho khatellong e lumelletsoeng ea thepa e nang le botenya bo itseng. Ka hona, ha hoa lokela ho sebelisa khatello e lumelletsoeng ea tšepe ea 16Mn ho tšepe ea Q345, empa khatello e lumelletsoeng e lokela ho khethoa bocha ho latela boholo ba sehlopha sa botenya ba tšepe bo bocha.
Karolo ea likarolo tse ka sehloohong tsa tšepe ea Q345 e batla e tšoana le ea tšepe ea 16Mn, phapang ke hore likarolo tsa alloy tse nyane tsa V, Ti le Nb lia eketsoa. Karolo e nyane ea likarolo tsa alloying tsa V, Ti, le Nb e ka ntlafatsa lithollo, ea ntlafatsa thata ea tšepe haholo, 'me ea ntlafatsa haholo litšobotsi tse felletseng tsa mechini tsa tšepe. Hape ke ka lebaka lena botenya ba poleiti ea tšepe bo ka eketsoang. Ka hona, litšobotsi tse felletseng tsa mechini tsa tšepe ea Q345 li lokela ho ba betere ho feta tšepe ea 16Mn, haholo-holo ts'ebetso ea eona ea mocheso o tlase ha e fumanehe tšepeng ea 16Mn. Khatello e lumellehang ea tšepe ea Q345 e phahame hanyane ho feta ea tšepe ea 16Mn.
papiso ea ts'ebetso
Q345Dphaephe e se nang mohelethepa ea mechini:
Matla a ho thapolla: 490-675 Matla a tlhahiso: ≥345 Ho lelefatsa: ≥22
Q345Bphaephe e se nang mohelethepa ea mechini:
Matla a ho thapolla: 490-675 Matla a tlhahiso: ≥345 Ho lelefatsa: ≥21
Q345A thepa ea mechini ea phala e se nang sekoli:
Matla a ho thapolla: 490-675 Matla a tlhahiso: ≥345 Ho lelefatsa: ≥21
Litšobotsi tsa mechini tsa phala e se nang seamless tsa Q345C:
Matla a ho thapolla: 490-675 Matla a tlhahiso: ≥345 Ho lelefatsa: ≥22
Litšobotsi tsa mechini tsa phala e se nang seamless tsa Q345E:
Matla a ho thapolla: 490-675 Matla a tlhahiso: ≥345 Ho lelefatsa: ≥22
Letoto la Lihlahisoa
Tšepe ea Q345D ha e bapisoa le tšepe ea Q345A, B, C. Mocheso oa teko oa matla a tšusumetso ea mocheso o tlase o tlase. Tshebetso e ntle. Palo ea lintho tse kotsi P le S e tlase ho feta ea Q345A, B le C. Theko ea 'maraka e phahame ho feta Q345A, B, C.
Tlhaloso ea Q345D:
① E entsoe ka Q + nomoro + letšoao la boleng + mokhoa oa ho tlosa oxidation. Nomoro ea eona ea tšepe e etelloa pele ke "Q", e emelang ntlha ea tlhahiso ea tšepe, 'me nomoro e ka mor'a eona e emela boleng ba ntlha ea tlhahiso ho MPa. Mohlala, Q235 e emela tšepe ea sebopeho sa carbon e nang le ntlha ea tlhahiso (σs) ea 235 MPa.
②Haeba ho hlokahala, letšoao le bontšang boleng ba boleng le mokhoa oa ho tlosa oxidation le ka tšoauoa ka mor'a nomoro ea tšepe. Matšoao a boleng ba boleng ke A, B, C, D ka ho latellana. Letšoao la mokhoa oa ho tlosa oxidation: F e bolela tšepe e belang; b e bolela tšepe e bolailoeng hanyane; Z e bolela tšepe e bolailoeng; TZ e bolela tšepe e khethehileng e bolailoeng, 'me tšepe e bolailoeng e ke ke ea tšoauoa ka matšoao, ke hore, Z le TZ li ka tlosoa. Mohlala, Q235-AF e bolela Sehlopha sa A sa tšepe e belang.
③ Tšepe ea khabone bakeng sa merero e khethehileng, joalo ka tšepe ea borokho, tšepe ea metsing, jj., ha e le hantle e sebelisa mokhoa oa ho hlahisa tšepe ea sebopeho sa khabone, empa tlhaku e bontšang morero e eketsoa qetellong ea nomoro ea tšepe.
Selelekela sa thepa
| karolo | C≤ | Mn | Si≤ | P≤ | S≤ | Al≥ | V | Nb | Ti |
| dikahare | 0.2 | 1.0-1.6 | 0.55 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.015 | 0.02-0.15 | 0.015-0.06 | 0.02-0.2 |
Thepa ea mechini ea Q345C ke e latelang (%):
| Letšoao la thepa ea mechini | Ho lelefatsa(%) | Mocheso oa teko 0℃ | Matla a ho thapolla MPa | Ntlha ea tlhahiso MPa≥ |
| boleng | δ5≥22 | J≥34 | σb(470-650) | σ (324-259) |
Ha botenya ba lebota bo pakeng tsa 16-35mm, σs≥325Mpa; ha botenya ba lebota bo pakeng tsa 35-50mm, σs≥295Mpa
2. Litšobotsi tsa ho tjheseletsa tsa tšepe ea Q345
2.1 Palo ea se lekanang le khabone (Ceq)
Ceq=C+Mn/6+Ni/15+Cu/15+Cr/5+Mo/5+V/5
Bala Ceq=0.49%, e fetang 0.45%, ho ka bonoa hore ts'ebetso ea ho tjheseletsa ea tšepe ea Q345 ha e ntle haholo, 'me mehato e thata ea theknoloji e hloka ho etsoa nakong ea ho tjheseletsa.
2.2 Mathata a ka hlahang tšepeng ea Q345 nakong ea ho tjheseletsa
2.2.1 Tloaelo ea ho thatafala sebakeng se amehileng ke mocheso
Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ho tjheseletsa le ho pholisa tšepe ea Q345, sebopeho se timmeng-martensite se thehoa habonolo sebakeng se amehileng ke mocheso, e leng se eketsang thatafalo le ho fokotsa ho rarahana ha sebaka se haufi le moalo. Sephetho ke mapetso ka mor'a ho tjheseletsa.
2.2.2 Kutloisiso ea ho phatloha ha serame
Mapetso a ho tjheseletsa a tšepe ea Q345 haholo-holo ke mapetso a batang.
Nako ea poso: Hlakubele-20-2023