I-ASTM i-A500 yi-welded welded kunye ne-seamless carbon steel structural tubing ye-welded, riveted, okanye ibhulorho ebhontiweyo kunye nezakhiwo kunye neenjongo zesakhiwo ngokubanzi.
Umbhobho weBanga C lelinye lamabanga anamandla esivuno esikhulu esingekho ngaphantsi kwe-345 MPa kunye namandla okuqina angekho ngaphantsi kwe-425 MPa.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi malungaASTM A500, ungacofa ukuyijonga!
I-ASTM A500 ihlela umbhobho wentsimbi ngokwamanqanaba amathathu,ibakala B, ibakala C, kunye nebakala D.
I-CHS: Amacandelo akwisetyhula angenanto.
I-RHS: Amacandelo angaphantsi kwesikwere okanye uxande.
I-EHS: Amacandelo akwi-Elliptical hollow.
Intsimbi iya kwenziwa yinye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi nkqubo zilandelayo:i-oksijeni esisiseko okanye isithando somlilo sombane.
Ityhubhu iya kwenziwa ngu aengenamthungookanye inkqubo welding.
I-Welded tubing iya kwenziwa kwintsimbi e-flat-rolled ngu-electric-resistance-welding process (ERW).Umdibaniso wempundu welongitudinal wetyhubhu edityanisiweyo iyakudityaniswa ukunqumla ubukhulu bayo ngendlela yokuba amandla oyilo lolwakhiwo lwecandelo letyhubhu aqinisekiswe.
I-ASTM A500 yeBanga C inokukhutshwa okanye ithotywe uxinzelelo.
I-Anealing ifezekiswa ngokufudumeza ityhubhu kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu kwaye emva koko uyipholise kancinci.I-Annealing iphinda ihlengahlengise i-microstructure yezinto zokuphucula ukuqina kwayo kunye nokufana.
Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa ngokufudumeza imathiriyeli kwiqondo lobushushu elisezantsi (elihlala lingaphantsi kunelo lokucoca) emva koko uyibambe ixesha elithile kwaye emva koko uyipholise.Oku kunceda ukuthintela ukuphazamiseka okanye ukuphuka kwezinto ngexesha lemisebenzi elandelayo efana ne-welding okanye ukusika.
Ukuphindaphindwa kovavanyo: Iisampulu ezimbini zombhobho othatyathwe kwiqashiso ngalinye lamaqhekeza angama-500 okanye iqhezu layo, okanye iisampulu ezimbini zemathiriyeli eyisicaba esongiweyo ethatyathwe kwiqashiso ngalinye lenani elihambelanayo lamaqhekeza emathiriyeli eyisicaba.
Iindlela zovavanyo: Iindlela kunye nezenzo ezinxulumene nohlalutyo lweekhemikhali ziya kuhambelana neeNdlela zoVavanyo, iiNdlela zokuSebenza kunye nesigama A751.
| Iimfuno zeMichiza,% | |||
| Ukuqamba | IBanga C | ||
| Uhlalutyo lobushushu | Uhlalutyo lweMveliso | ||
| C (iKhabhoni)A | max | 0.23 | 0.27 |
| Mn (Manganese)A | max | 1.35 | 1.40 |
| P (Phosphorus) | max | 0.035 | 0.045 |
| S(Isulfure) | max | 0.035 | 0.045 |
| Cu(Copper)B | imiz | 0.20 | 0.18 |
| AKunciphiso ngalunye lwepesenti ye-0.01 yenqaku elingaphantsi kobuninzi obuchaziweyo bekhabhoni, ukunyuka kwe-0.06 yepesenti ngaphezu kobuninzi obuchaziweyo kuvumelekile, ukuya kutsho kubuninzi be-1.50 % ngohlalutyo lobushushu kunye ne-1.60 % yohlalutyo lwemveliso. BI-lf yensimbi ene-copper ichazwe kumyalelo wokuthenga. | |||
Imizekelo ye-tensile iya kuhambelana neemfuno ezisebenzayo zoVavanyo lweNdlela kunye neeNgcaciso ze-A370, iSihlomelo A2.
| IiMfuno zeTensile | ||
| Uluhlu | IBanga C | |
| Amandla okuqina, min | psi | 62,000 |
| MPa | 425 | |
| Amandla esivuno, min | psi | 50,000 |
| MPa | 345 | |
| Ubude kwi-2 ngo. (50 mm), min,C | % | 21B |
| BIsebenza kubunzima obukhankanyiweyo bodonga (t ) obulingana okanye bukhulu kuno 0.120 ngaphakathi [3.05mm].Kubunzima obukhankanyiweyo bendonga obukhankanyiweyo, amaxabiso amancinane obude ayakuba ngesivumelwano nomenzi. CUbuncinci bexabiso lobude obuchaziweyo busebenza kuphela kuvavanyo olwenziwe phambi kokuthunyelwa kwetyhubhu. | ||
Kuvavanyo, lo mzekelo ufakwa kumatshini wokuvavanya i-tensile uze wolule kancinci de wophuke.Kuyo yonke le nkqubo, umatshini wokuvavanya urekhoda uxinzelelo kunye nedatha yoxinzelelo, ngaloo ndlela uvelisa i-curve yoxinzelelo.Eli jiko lisivumela ukuba sibe nombono wenkqubo yonke ukusuka kwi-elastic deformation ukuya kwi-plastic deformation ukuya ekuqhekekeni, kunye nokufumana amandla esivuno, amandla okuqina kunye nedatha yokwandisa.
Ubude boMfanekiso: Ubude bomzekelo osetyenziselwa uvavanyo abuyi kuba ngaphantsi kwe-2 1/2 kwi-(65 mm).
Uvavanyo lweDuctility: Ngaphandle kokuqhekeka okanye ukuqhekeka, i-specimen iyancipha phakathi kwamacwecwe ahambelanayo de umgama phakathi kwamacwecwe ungaphantsi kwexabiso elithi "H" elibalwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
H=(1+e)t/(e+t/D)
H = umgama phakathi kweepleyiti ezicaba, ngaphakathi [mm],
e= deformation ngobude beyunithi nganye (ngokuqhubekayo kwibakala elinikiweyo lentsimbi, 0.07 kwiBanga B, kunye no-0.06 kwiBanga C),
t= ubukhulu bodonga obuchaziweyo betyhubhu, ngaphakathi. [mm],
D = icaciswe ngaphandle kwedayamitha yetyhubhu, ngaphakathi [mm].
IngqibelelotEst: Qhubeka ucoca isampuli de isampuli iphuke okanye iindonga ezichaseneyo zesampulu zihlangane.
Ukusilelacriteria: I-laminar peeling okanye izinto ezibuthathaka ezifunyenwe kulo lonke uvavanyo oluthe tyaba luya kuba zizizathu zokukhatywa.
Uvavanyo oluvuthayo luyafumaneka kwiityhubhu ezijikelezayo ≤ 254 mm (10 in) ububanzi, kodwa akunyanzelekanga.
| Uluhlu | Ububanzi | Phawula |
| Ububanzi bangaphandle (OD) | ≤48mm (1.9 ngaphakathi) | ±0.5% |
| ＞50mm (2 ngaphakathi) | ±0.75% | |
| Ukutyeba kodonga (T) | Ubukhulu bodonga obuchaziweyo | ≥90% |
| Ubude (L) | ≤6.5m (22ft) | －6mm (1/4in) - +13mm (1/2in) |
| ＞6.5m (22ft) | －6mm (1/4in) - +19mm (3/4) | |
| Ukuthe tye | Ubude bukwiyunithi yobukhosi (ft) | L/40 |
| Iiyunithi zobude zizimetric (m) | L/50 | |
| Iimfuno zokunyamezelana kwimilinganiselo enxulumene nentsimbi yesakhiwo esijikelezayo | ||
Ukuzimisela Kwesiphene
Iziphene zomphezulu ziya kuchazwa njengeziphene xa ubunzulu besiphako somphezulu sitsho ukuba ubukhulu bodonga obushiyekileyo bungaphantsi kwama-90% obunzima obuchaziweyo bodonga.
Amanqaku anyangwayo, ukungunda okuncinci okanye amanqaku okuqengqeleka, okanye izibonda ezingenzulu azijongwa njengeziphene ukuba zinokususwa ngaphakathi kwemida echaziweyo yobunzima bodonga.Ezi ziphene zomhlaba azifuni ukususwa okunyanzelekileyo.
Ukulungisa isiphene
Iziphene ezinobunzima bendonga ukuya kwi-33% yobukhulu obuchaziweyo buya kususwa ngokusika okanye ukugaya kuze kubonakaliswe isinyithi esingenasiphako.
Ukuba i-tack welding iyimfuneko, inkqubo ye-welding emanzi iya kusetyenziswa.
Emva kokucocwa, isinyithi esingaphezulu siya kususwa ukufumana indawo egudileyo.
Igama lomenzi.uphawu, okanye uphawu lwentengiso;ukutyunjwa kweenkcukacha (unyaka wokukhutshwa awufuni);kunye neleta yebakala.
Kumbhobho wolwakhiwo onobubanzi obungaphandle obuyi-4 [10 cm] okanye ngaphantsi, ulwazi lokuchonga luvumelekile kwiilebhile ezincanyathiselwe ngokukhuselekileyo kwinyanda nganye yombhobho.
Kwakhona kukho ukhetho lokusebenzisa iibhakhowudi njengendlela yokuchonga eyongezelelweyo, kwaye kuyacetyiswa ukuba iikhowudi zebhakhowudi zihambelane ne-AIAG Standard B-1.
1. Ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo: Intsimbi yeBakala C isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo apho kufuneka inkxaso yesakhiwo.Ingasetyenziselwa ii-mainframes, izakhiwo zophahla, imigangatho, kunye neendonga zangaphandle.
2. Iiprojekthi zeziseko zophuhliso: Iibhulorho, izakhiwo zemiqondiso yendlela yendlela, kunye neentsimbi ezinikezela ngenkxaso eyimfuneko kunye nokuqina.
3. Izibonelelo zemizi-mveliso: kwizityalo zokuvelisa kunye nezinye iindawo zoshishino, zingasetyenziselwa ukuqinisa, iinkqubo zokuqulunqa, kunye neentsika.
4. Izakhiwo zamandla ahlaziyekayo: Isenokusetyenziswa ekwakhiweni komoya kunye nezakhiwo zamandla elanga.
5. Amaziko ezemidlalo kunye nezixhobo: izakhiwo zeendawo zemidlalo ezinje ngeebleachers, iipali, kunye nezixhobo zokuzilolonga.
6. Oomatshini bezolimo: Ingasetyenziselwa ukwakha izakhelo zoomatshini kunye neendawo zokugcina.
Ubungakanani: Ukubonelela ngedayamitha yangaphandle kunye nobukhulu bodonga lwetyhubhu engqukuva;bonelela ngemilinganiselo yangaphandle kunye nobukhulu bodonga lwetyhubhu yesikwere kunye noxande.
Ubungakanani: Xela ubude obupheleleyo (iinyawo okanye iimitha) okanye inani lobude obufunekayo.
Ubude: Bonisa uhlobo lobude obufunekayo - ngokungakhethiyo, okuninzi, okanye okuthe ngqo.
ASTM 500 Ukucaciswa: Bonelela ngonyaka wokupapashwa kwe-ASTM 500 ereferensiweyo.
IBanga: Bonisa ibakala lemathiriyeli (B, C, okanye D).
Ukutyunjwa kwezinto eziphathekayo: Bonisa ukuba imathiriyeli yityhubhu eyenziwe ngokubanda.
Indlela Yokuvelisa: Xela ukuba umbhobho awukho mthungo okanye udityanisiwe.
Phelisa Ukusetyenziswa: Chaza injongo yokusetyenziswa kombhobho
IiMfuneko eziKhethekileyo: Dwelisa naziphi na ezinye iimfuno ezingabandakanywanga ngokwemigaqo esemgangathweni.
Singumvelisi wemibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni ekumgangatho ophezulu odityanisiweyo kunye nomthengisi ovela eChina, kunye nesitokhwe semibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo, ekunika uluhlu olubanzi lwezisombululo zemibhobho yentsimbi!
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga neemveliso zentsimbi yombhobho, ungaqhagamshelana nathi!
