Phakathi "kwezithuthi" ezifunekayo ukuhambisa izinto ezithile, enye yezona ziqhelekileyo ziyimibhobho.Umbhobho unikezela ngexabiso eliphantsi kunye nokuthutha okuqhubekayo kweegesi kunye nolwelo.Namhlanje, kukho iintlobo ezininzi zemibhobho.Uyilo luyahluka kwisikali, ububanzi, uxinzelelo, kunye nobushushu bokusebenza.
Eyona nto ingundoqo, i-utility-network, iteknoloji, imibhobho yenqanawa (umatshini) iyahluka kwisikali.Makhe sihlolisise injongo kunye neendidi zemibhobho engundoqo kunye nezobuchwepheshe.
Umbokoimibhobho.Ukuqeshwa kunye nodidi
Imibhobho ye-trunk iyisakhiwo sobugcisa esintsonkothileyo, esine-fila yeekhilomitha ezininzi, i-gas okanye izikhululo zokumpompa i-oyile, ukuwela phezu kwemilambo okanye iindlela.Imibhobho ye-trunk ithutha i-oyile kunye neemveliso ze-petroleum, i-liquefied hydrocarbon gas, i-fuel gas, igesi yokuqalisa, njl.
Zonke iibhobho eziphambili zenziwe kuphela ngeteknoloji ye-welding.Oko kukuthi, kumphezulu wawo nawuphi na umbhobho oyintloko unokubona i-spiral okanye i-seam ethe tye.Njengesixhobo sokwenziwa kweemibhobho ezinjalo, insimbi isetyenzisiweyo, njengokuba yinto enoqoqosho, ehlalayo, ephekwe kakuhle kwaye inokwethenjelwa.Ukongeza, inokuba yintsimbi ye "classic" enezakhiwo ezikhethiweyo, intsimbi ephantsi kwekhabhoni okanye i-carbonic ukuba ibe kumgangatho oqhelekileyo.
Ukuhlelwa kwemibhobho engundoqo
Ngokuxhomekeke kuxinzelelo olusebenzayo kumbhobho, imibhobho yegesi ephambili yahlulahlulwe yangamacandelo amabini:
Mna - kwiingcinezelo zokusebenza ezingaphezu kwe-2.5 ukuya kwi-10.0 MPA (ngaphezu kwe-25 ukuya kwi-100 kgs / cm2) ifakiwe;
II - kwiingcinezelo zokusebenza ezingaphezu kwe-1.2 ukuya kwi-2.5 MP (ngaphezu kwe-12 ukuya kwi-25 kgs / cm2) ifakiwe.
Ngokuxhomekeke kububanzi bombhobho wabelwe iiklasi ezine, mm:
I - nge-diameter eqhelekileyo engaphezu kwe-1000 ukuya kwi-1200 ifakiwe;
II - efanayo, ngaphezu kwe-500 ukuya kwi-1000 ifakiwe;
III iyafana.
IV - 300 okanye ngaphantsi.
Imibhobho yezobuchwepheshe.Ukuqeshwa kunye nodidi
Imibhobho yobuchwepheshe zizixhobo zokubonelela ngamafutha, amanzi, imathiriyeli ekrwada, iimveliso ezingagqitywanga kunye neemveliso ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziswa kwimveliso kumzi-mveliso.Loo mibhobho yokuthutha ichithe izinto ezikrwada kunye nenkunkuma eyahlukeneyo.
Ukuhlelwa kwemibhobho yezobuchwepheshe kwenzeka kwiimpawu ezifana nezi:
Indawo:phakathi kwenjongo, ngaphakathi kwesebe.
Indlela yokubeka:ngaphezulu komhlaba, emhlabeni, phantsi komhlaba.
Uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi:Uxinzelelo-free (self-ute), vacuum, uxinzelelo oluphantsi, uxinzelelo oluphakathi, uxinzelelo oluphezulu.
Ubushushu bento enokuthuthwa:cryogenic, kubanda, eqhelekileyo, ukufudumala, kushushu, overheated.
Ubundlongondlongo bezinto ezinokuthuthwa:ungenamandla, ubuthathaka (umncinci-noburhalarhume), unoburhalarhume ophakathi, ndlongondlongo.
Izinto ezinokuthuthwa:imibhobho yomphunga,imibhobho yamanziImibhobho,imibhobho yegesi, imibhobho yeoksijini, imibhobho yeoli, iingcingo ze-acetyleno, imibhobho yeoli, imibhobho yegesi, imibhobho yeasidi, imibhobho yealkaline, imibhobho yeammonia, njl.
Izinto:intsimbi, intsimbi eneengubo zangaphakathi okanye zangaphandle, ezivela kwiintsimbi ezingenayo i-ferrous, isinyithi esityhidiweyo, kwizinto ezingezizo zetsimbi.
Umdibaniso:ayinakwahlulwa, isinxibelelanisi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-01-2022