I-pipeline steel luhlobo lwensimbi esetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iinkqubo zokuthutha i-oyile kunye negesi. Njengesixhobo sokuthutha umgama omde we-oyile kunye negesi yendalo, inkqubo yepayipi inenzuzo yezoqoqosho, ukhuseleko kunye nokungaphazanyiswa.
Ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi yombhobho
Intsimbi yombhobhoiifom zeemveliso ziquka imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo kunye nemibhobho yentsimbi edityanisiweyo, enokuthi ihlulwe ibe ngamacandelo amathathu: i-alpine, imimandla ephezulu yesulfure kunye nokubekwa kolwandle.
Imingeni emininzi ejongene nentsimbi yombhobho ibandakanya: ininzi yeendawo ze-oyile kunye negesi zifumaneka kwimimandla ye-polar, i-ice sheets, iintlango, kunye neendawo zolwandle, kwaye iimeko zendalo zinzima kakhulu; okanye ukwenzela ukuba kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kwezothutho, ububanzi bombhobho buhlala bukhuliswa, kwaye uxinzelelo lokuhambisa luhlala lusanda.
IiPropati zeNtsimbi yePipeline
Ukusuka kuvavanyo olubanzi lwendlela yophuhliso lwemibhobho yeoli kunye negesi, iimeko zokubeka umbhobho, iindlela eziphambili zokungaphumeleli kunye nezizathu zokungaphumeleli, intsimbi yombhobho kufuneka ibe neempawu ezilungileyo zoomatshini (udonga olungqingqwa, amandla aphezulu, ukuqina okuphezulu, ukumelana nokunxiba), kwaye kufuneka ibe nobukhulu obukhulu, kufuneka kwakhona ibe nobubanzi obukhulu, ukuwelda, ukumelana nokubanda kunye nobushushu obuphantsi, ukuxhathisa ukubola (CO2), ukuxhathisa ukusebenza kwe-SSCC, njl.
①Amandla aphezulu
Intsimbi yombhobho ayifuni kuphela amandla aphezulu kunye namandla esivuno, kodwa ifuna ukuba umlinganiselo wesivuno ube kuluhlu lwe-0.85 ~ 0.93.
② Ukuqina kwempembelelo ephezulu
ukuqina kwempembelelo ephezulu kunokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuthintela ukuqhekeka.
③Ubushushu obuphantsi be-ductile-brittle transition
Imimandla enzima kunye neemeko zemozulu zifuna intsimbi yombhobho ukuba ibe neqondo lobushushu eliphantsi ngokwaneleyo le-ductile-brittle.
④Ukuchasana okugqwesileyo kwi-hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) kunye ne-sulfide stress corrosion cracking (SSCC)
⑤ Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-welding
Ukuwelda okulungileyo kwentsimbi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ingqibelelo kunye nomgangatho wokuwelda wombhobho.
ImiGangatho yentsimbi yePipeline
Okwangoku, imigangatho ephambili yobugcisa beepayipi zensimbi zeoli kunye negesi ezisetyenziswa kwilizwe lam zibandakanyaAPI 5L, DNV-OS-F101, ISO 3183, kunye ne-GB/T 9711, njl. Imeko eqhelekileyo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
① I-API 5L (inkcazo yombhobho womgca) luphawu olwamkelwa ngokubanzi oluqulunqwe yiMaine Petroleum Institute.
② I-DNV-OS-F101 (inkqubo yemibhobho engaphantsi kolwandle) yinkcazo eyenziwe ngokukodwa yiDet Norske Veritas kwimibhobho engaphantsi kolwandle.
③ I-ISO 3183 ngumgangatho owenziwe nguMbutho waMazwe ngaMazwe wokuMiswa kweMigangatho kwiimeko zokuhanjiswa kwemibhobho yentsimbi yokuhanjiswa kwe-oyile kunye negesi. Lo mgangatho awubandakanyi uyilo lombhobho kunye nofakelo.
④ Inguqulelo yamva nje ye-GB/T 9711 yinguqulo ye-2017. Le nguqulo isekelwe kwi-ISO 3183: 2012 kunye ne-API Spec 5L 45th Edition.ngokusekelwe kuzo zombini.Ngokuhambelana nemigangatho emibini ekhankanyiweyo, amanqanaba amabini okucaciswa kwemveliso acacisiwe: I-PSL1 kunye ne-PSL2.PSL1 inikezela umgangatho osemgangathweni wombhobho womgca; I-PSL2 yongeza iimfuno ezigunyazisiweyo ezibandakanya ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali, ukuqina kwenotshi, iipropati zamandla kunye novavanyo olongezelelweyo olungonakalisi (NDT).
I-API SPEC 5L kunye ne-ISO 3183 ziinkcukacha zemibhobho yomgca enempembelelo kumazwe ngamazwe. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, uninzi lweenkampani zeoyile emhlabeni ziqhele ukwamkelaIimpawu ze-API SPEC 5L njengenkcazo esisiseko yokuthengwa kwepayipi yentsimbi yombhobho.
Ulwazi lweodolo
Ikhontrakthi yomyalelo wentsimbi yombhobho kufuneka ibandakanye ulwazi olulandelayo:
① Ubungakanani (bonke ubunzima okanye ubuninzi obupheleleyo bemibhobho yentsimbi);
② Inqanaba eliqhelekileyo (PSL1 okanye PSL2);
③Umbhobho wentsimbiuhlobo (umthungo okanyeumbhobho odityanisiweyo, inkqubo ye-welding ethile, uhlobo lokuphela kombhobho);
④Ngokusekelwe kwimigangatho, efana ne-GB/T 9711-2017;
⑤ ibakala lentsimbi;
⑥Idayimitha yangaphandle kunye nobunzima bodonga;
⑦ Ubude kunye nohlobo lobude (okunganqunywanga okanye ukusika);
⑧ Qinisekisa imfuneko yokusebenzisa isihlomelo.
Amabakala emibhobho yentsimbi kunye namabakala entsimbi (GB/T 9711-2017)
| Ileveli yentsimbi eqhelekileyo | ibakala lombhobho wentsimbi | ibakala lentsimbi |
| PSL1 | L175 | A25 |
| I-L175P | A25P | |
| L210 | A | |
| L245 | B | |
| L290 | X42 | |
| L320 | X46 | |
| L360 | X52 | |
| L390 | X56 | |
| L415 | X60 | |
| L450 | X65 | |
| L485 | X70 | |
| PSL2 | L245R | BR |
| L290R | X42R | |
| L245N | BN | |
| L290N | X42N | |
| I-L320N | X46N | |
| I-L360N | X52N | |
| L390N | X56N | |
| I-L415N | X60N | |
| I-L245Q | BQ | |
| L290Q | X42Q | |
| I-L320Q | X46Q | |
| I-L360Q | X52Q | |
| I-L390Q | X56Q | |
| I-L415Q | X60Q | |
| I-L450Q | X65Q | |
| I-L485Q | X70Q | |
| I-L555Q | X80Q | |
| I-L625Q | X90Q | |
| L690Q | X100M | |
| I-L245M | BM | |
| L290M | X42M | |
| I-L320M | X46M | |
| I-L360M | X52M | |
| I-L390M | X56M | |
| I-L415M | X60M | |
| I-L450M | X65M | |
| I-L485M | X70M | |
| I-L555M | X80M | |
| I-L625M | X90M | |
| L690M | X100M | |
| I-L830M | X120M |
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-30-2023