I-ASTM A334Ibanga loku-1iyipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo nelishiselwe lesevisi yezinga lokushisa eliphansi.
Inokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwekhabhoni okungu-0.30%, okuqukethwe kwe-manganese okungu-0.40-1.60%, amandla amancane okudonsa angu-380Mpa (55ksi), namandla okukhiqiza angu-205Mpa (30ksi).
Isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuthutha uketshezi ezindaweni ezinezinga lokushisa eliphansi, imishini yesiqandisi, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni ezidinga ukumelana nomthelela wezinga lokushisa eliphansi.
I-ASTM A334 inamabanga amaningana okubhekana nezimo ezihlukene zezinga lokushisa eliphansi, okuyilezi:Grade 1, Grade 3, Grade 6, Grade 7, Grade 8, Grade 9, Grade 11.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zensimbi, i-carbon steel ne-alloy steel.
Ibanga loku-1futhiIbanga lesi-6zombili izinsimbi ze-carbon.
Angakhiqizwa nguizinqubo ezingenamthungo noma ezishiselwe.
Ekukhiqizeni amashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo, kunezinqubo ezimbili zokukhiqiza,Kuqedwe okushisayo noma Kukhandwe.
Ukuzikhethela kuncike ikakhulukazi ekusetshenzisweni kokuphela kwepayipi, ubukhulu bepayipi, kanye nezidingo ezithile zezakhiwo ezibonakalayo.
Ngezansi kunomdwebo wenqubo yokukhiqiza engenamthungo ephelile ngokushisa.
Ihot finishinqubo yepayipi engenamthungo ihilela ukushisa i-billet yensimbi ekushiseni okuphezulu bese wenza ipayipi ngokugingqika noma ngokukhipha.Le nqubo yenzeka emazingeni okushisa aphezulu futhi isiza ukuthuthukisa i-microstructure yezinto, ngaleyo ndlela ikhulise ukuqina kwayo jikelele nokufana.
Inqubo yokuqeda ukushisa ifaneleka ngokukhethekile ekukhiqizweni kwamashubhu anobubanzi obukhulu nanodonga oluwugqinsi, avame ukusetshenziswa emapayipini okuthutha abantu abaningi kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zesakhiwo, futhi ifaneleka ukukhiqizwa kwevolumu ephezulu ngenxa yezindleko zayo eziphansi.
Ebandaamashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo acutshungulwa ngokwelula ngemva kokuba impahla isipholile ngokuphelele ukuze kuzuzwe ubukhulu obunembile kanye nokuma okudingekayo.Le ndlela ithuthukisa kakhulu ukunemba kwe-dimensional kanye nokuqedwa kwendawo yomkhiqizo, kuyilapho umphumela obandayo wokuqinisa umsebenzi ubuye uthuthukise izakhiwo zemishini yeshubhu, njengamandla nokumelana nokugqoka.
Inqubo yokudweba ebandayo ifaneleka ngokukhethekile ekwakhiweni kwamashubhu anobubanzi obuncane kanye nogqinsi oluncane lwezindonga lapho kudingeka khona ukunemba okuphezulu kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu yomhlabathi futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni ezifana nezinhlelo ezisebenza ngamanzi, izakhi zezimoto, kanye nemishini yokucindezela okukhulu ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nayo. izidingo ezithile zokusebenza okuphezulu, nakuba ngezindleko eziphezulu.
Zijwayeze ngokufudumeza izinga lokushisa elifanayo elingekho ngaphansi kuka-1550 °F [845 °C] futhi uphole emoyeni noma ekamelweni lokupholisa lesithando somlilo esilawulwa umoya.
Uma ukuthukuthela kuyadingeka, kuzodinga ukuxoxisana.
Kumabanga angenhla amashubhu ensimbi angenamthungo kuphela:
Shisisa futhi ulawule ukusebenza okushisayo kanye nezinga lokushisa lokuqeda ukushisa liye ezingeni lokushisa eliqedayo ukusuka ku-1550 - 1750 °F [845 - 955℃] bese upholisa esithandweni somoya esilawulwayo kusukela ekushiseni kokuqala okungengaphansi kuka-1550 °F [ 845 °C].
Ikhemistri yeBanga loku-1 iklanyelwe ukulinganisa amandla, ubulukhuni, kanye nokuqina kwethempelesha ephansi ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezindaweni ezinethempelesha eliphansi.
| Ibanga | C(Ikhabhoni) | UMn(Manganese) | P(Phosphorus) | S(Isibabule) |
| Ibanga loku-1 | ubuningi 0.30% | 0.40-1.06 % | ubuningi 0.025 % | ubuningi 0.025 % |
| Ekunciphiseni ngakunye kwekhabhoni ngo-0.01% ngaphansi kuka-0.30 %, ukwenyuka kwe-manganese ngo-0.05 % ngaphezu kuka-1.06 % kuzovunyelwa ukuba kufinyelele ku-1.35% wemanganese. | ||||
Ikhabhoni iyinto eyinhloko enyusa amandla nobulukhuni bensimbi, kodwa ezinhlelweni zezinga lokushisa eliphansi, okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ephezulu kungase kunciphise ukuqina kwento.
Ibanga loku-1, elinekhabhoni ephezulu engu-0.30%, lihlukaniswa njengensimbi enekhabhoni ephansi futhi lilawulwa ngezinga eliphansi ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lokushisa eliphansi eliqinile.
Amanani e-elongation amancane abaliwe ku-1/32 in ngayinye.[0.80 mm] ukuncipha kokujiya kodonga.
Ukuhlolwa komthelela kumashubhu ensimbi eBanga loku-1 kuyenziwaku-45°C [-50°F], edizayinelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuqina nomthelela wokumelana nokokusebenza ezindaweni ezinezinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu.Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ngokukhetha amandla omthelela afanele ngokusekelwe ekugqineni kodonga lwepayipi lensimbi.
Izibonelo zomthelela we-Notched-bar zizoba ze-beam elula, uhlobo lwe-Charpy, ngokuvumelana Nezindlela Zokuhlola E23.Uhlobo A, olunophawu lwe-V.
Izindlela ezimbili ezijwayelekile zokulinganisa ubulukhuni ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-Rockwell kanye ne-Brinell.
| Ibanga | Rockwell | Brinell |
| I-ASTM A334 Ibanga 1 | B85 | 163 |
Ipayipi ngalinye kufanele lihlolwe ngendlela engonakalisi ngogesi noma nge-hydrostatic ngokuvumelana ne-STM A1016/A1016M.Ngaphandle kwalapho kucaciswe ngenye indlela ku-oda lokuthenga, uhlobo lokuhlola oluzosetshenziswa luzoba ngokokuzikhethela komkhiqizi.
Ngokungeziwe emakhakheni acaciswe ku-Specification A1016/A1016M, ukumaka kuzofaka phakathi ukushisa okuphelile, okubandayo, okungenamthungo, noma okushiselwe, kanye nezinhlamvu "LT" ezilandelwa izinga lokushisa okwenziwa ngalo ukuhlolwa komthelela.
Lapho ipayipi lensimbi eliqediwe lingenalo usayizi okwanele ukuthola isampula encane yomthelela, ukumaka akumele kufake izinhlamvu ze-LT kanye nezinga lokushisa elibonisiwe.
Isetshenziswa kabanzi kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukene zezimboni ezidinga ukusebenza kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi.
Ukuthuthwa kwe-Cryogenic fluid: Ipayipi lensimbi yeBanga loku-1 lisetshenziswa kakhulu ukuthutha uketshezi lwe-cryogenic olufana negesi yemvelo ewuketshezi (LNG), i-liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), namanye amakhemikhali e-cryogenic.Lawa manzi ngokuvamile adinga ukuthuthwa ngokuphepha emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kwe-ambient, futhi ipayipi lensimbi leBanga loku-1 ligcina izakhiwo zalo ezibonakalayo kanye nobuqotho besakhiwo kulawa mazinga okushisa aphansi.
Amasistimu neziqandisi zemishini: Ivamise ukusetshenziselwa amapayipi okulethwa okupholisa kulawa masistimu.
Izishintshi zokushisa kanye nama-condenser: Izishintshisi zokushisa nama-condenser ziyizingxenye ezibalulekile emikhakheni yezimboni namandla, ngokuvamile zisebenzisa amashubhu ensimbi eBanga loku-1 njengempahla yokwakha.Lawa madivayisi adinga izinto ezigcina amandla aphezulu kanye nokumelana nokugqwala emazingeni okushisa aphansi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwethembeka nokusebenza kahle kwesikhathi eside.
Isitoreji esibandayo kanye nezindawo zokuqandisa: Ezindaweni zokugcina ezibandayo nakwezinye izindawo zesiqandisi, izinhlelo zamapayipi kufanele zivumelane nezinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu.ipayipi lensimbi lebanga loku-1 lingasetshenziswa ukwakha amapayipi amapayipi kulezi zikhungo ngenxa yekhono lawo lokuqhubeka nokusebenza ezindaweni ezibandayo ngaphandle kokwehluleka.
1. EN 10216-4: P215NL, P255QL;
2. I-DIN 17173:TTSt35N;
3. JIS G3460:STPL 380;
4. GB/T 18984: 09Mn2V.
Lawa mazinga namabanga akhelwe ukuthi abe nezakhiwo ezifanayo noma ezifanayo ne-ASTM A334 Grade 1, kucatshangelwa izakhiwo zezinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye nezinye izindlela zokusebenza ezifanele.
Kusukela yasungulwa ngo-2014, i-Botop Steel isiphenduke umhlinzeki oholayo wepayipi lensimbi eNyakatho neChina, elaziwa ngomsebenzi omuhle kakhulu, imikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu, nezisombululo ezibanzi.Le nkampani inikeza izinhlobonhlobo zamapayipi ensimbi ye-carbon nemikhiqizo ehlobene, okuhlanganisa ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo, i-ERW, i-LSAW, ne-SSAW, kanye nohlu oluphelele lokufakwa kwamapayipi nama-flange.
Imikhiqizo yayo ekhethekile ihlanganisa ama-alloys asezingeni eliphezulu kanye nezinsimbi ezingenasici ze-austenitic, ezenzelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zamaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene wamapayipi.
