I-ASTM A500 iyishubhu yesakhiwo se-carbon steel esakhiwe ngendlela ebandayo esakhiwe ngendlela ebandayo yebhuloho elishiselwe, elicijile, noma eliboshiwe kanye nezakhiwo zokwakha kanye nezinjongo zesakhiwo esijwayelekile.
Ipayipi leBanga C lingelinye lamabanga anamandla esivuno esikhulu esingekho ngaphansi kwama-345 MPa namandla aqinile angekho ngaphansi kwama-425 MPa.
Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziweI-ASTM A500, ungachofoza ukuze ukuhlole!
I-ASTM A500 ihlukanisa ipayipi lensimbi ngamabanga amathathu,ibanga B, ibanga C, kanye nebanga D.
I-CHS: Izingxenye eziyindilinga ezingenalutho.
I-RHS: Izingxenye eziyisikwele noma eziwunxande.
I-EHS: Izingxenye eziyizimbotshana eziyi-elliptical.
Insimbi izokwenziwa ngenqubo eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yalezi ezilandelayo:i-oksijeni eyisisekelo noma isithando somlilo sikagesi.
I-tubing izokwenziwa ngu-aengenamthungonoma inqubo Welding.
Amashubhu ashiselwe kufanele enziwe ngensimbi egoqelwe phansi ngenqubo yokushisela ugesi (ERW).Ijoyinti lezinqe ze-longitudinal zamashubhu ashiselwe kufanele zishiselwe kuwo wonke ukujiya kwawo ngendlela yokuthi amandla omklamo wesakhiwo wesigaba seshubhu aqiniseke.
I-ASTM A500 yeBanga C ingancishiswa noma ikhululeke ekucindezelekeni.
Ukufakwa kwe-annealing kwenziwa ngokushisisa ishubhu ekushiseni okuphezulu bese ulipholisa kancane.I-Annealing ihlela kabusha i-microstructure yezinto ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqina nokufana kwayo.
Ukunciphisa ingcindezi ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngokushisisa okokusebenza ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi (imvamisa ephansi kunaleyo yokudonsa) bese uyibamba isikhathi esithile bese uyipholisa.Lokhu kusiza ukuvimbela ukuhlanekezela noma ukugqabuka kwento ngesikhathi sokusebenza okulandelayo njengokushisela noma ukusika.
Imvamisa yokuhlolwa: Izibonelo ezimbili zamapayipi athathwe endaweni ngayinye yezingcezu ezingama-500 noma ingxenyenamba yayo, noma amasampula amabili ezinto ezigoqekile eziyisicaba ezithathwe endaweni ngayinye enani elihambisanayo lezinto ezigoqeke phansi.
Izindlela zokuhlola: Izindlela nezinqubo eziphathelene nokuhlaziya amakhemikhali zizohambisana Nezindlela Zokuhlola, Imikhuba, kanye Negama A751.
| Izidingo Zekhemikhali,% | |||
| Ukwakheka | Ibanga C | ||
| Ukuhlaziywa Kokushisa | Ukuhlaziywa Komkhiqizo | ||
| C (Ikhabhoni)A | ubuningi | 0.23 | 0.27 |
| Mn (Manganese)A | ubuningi | 1.35 | 1.40 |
| I-P (Phosphorus) | ubuningi | 0.035 | 0.045 |
| I-S(Sulfur) | ubuningi | 0.035 | 0.045 |
| I-Cu(Copper)B | imiz | 0.20 | 0.18 |
| AEkuncishisweni ngakunye kwephuzu elingamaphesenti angu-0.01 ngaphansi kwesilinganiso esiphezulu esishiwo sekhabhoni, kuvunyelwe ukunyuka ngamaphesenti angu-0.06 ngaphezu komkhawulo oshiwo we-manganese, kuze kufike ku-1.50 % ngokuhlaziywa kokushisa kanye no-1.60 % wokuhlaziywa komkhiqizo. BInsimbi equkethe ithusi icaciswe ohlelweni lokuthenga. | |||
Izibonelo ze-Tensile zizothobela izimfuneko ezisebenzayo ze-Test Methods and Definitions A370, Appendix A2.
| Izidingo ze-Tensile | ||
| Uhlu | Ibanga C | |
| Amandla aqinile, imiz | psi | 62,000 |
| I-MPa | 425 | |
| Amandla okukhiqiza, imiz | psi | 50,000 |
| I-MPa | 345 | |
| Ubude ngokungu-2 in. (50 mm), min,C | % | 21B |
| BIsebenza ebugqilini obucacisiwe bodonga (t ) obulingana noma obukhulu kuno-0.120 in. [3.05mm].Ngokuqina kodonga olucacisiwe olulula, amanani amancane obude azoba ngesivumelwano nomkhiqizi. CAmanani amancane okunweba ashiwo asebenza kuphela ezivivinyweni ezenziwa ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa kweshubhu. | ||
Esivivinyweni, isifanekiso sifakwa emshinini wokuhlola oqinile bese sinwetshwa kancane size sinqamuke.Kuyo yonke le nqubo, umshini wokuhlola urekhoda ingcindezi nedatha yobunzima, ngaleyo ndlela ukhiqize ijika le-stress-strain.Leli jika lisivumela ukuba sibone ngeso lengqondo yonke inqubo kusukela ekuguquguqukeni okunwebekayo kuye ekuwohlokeni kwepulasitiki kuya ekuqhekekeni, futhi sithole amandla esivuno, amandla aqinile kanye nedatha yokwelula.
Ubude Besifanekiso: Ubude besampula esisetshenziselwa ukuhlola akumele bube ngaphansi kuka-2 1/2 in (65 mm).
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ductility: Ngaphandle kokuqhekeka noma ukuphuka, isifanekiso siyenziwa isicaba phakathi kwamapuleti ahambisanayo kuze kube ibanga eliphakathi kwamapuleti lingaphansi kwenani elithi "H" elibalwa ngefomula elandelayo:
H=(1+e)t/(e+t/D)
H = ibanga phakathi kwamapuleti aphansi, ngo. [mm],
e= ukuguqulwa ngobude beyunithi ngayinye (okuqhubekayo ebangeni elithile lensimbi, u-0.07 weBanga B, no-0.06 weBanga C),
t= ukujiya kodonga olucacisiwe lweshubhu, ngaphakathi. [mm],
D = kucaciswe ububanzi obungaphandle beshubhu, ngaphakathi. [mm].
Ubuqothotest: Qhubeka wenze isifanekiso sibe sicaba kuze kube yilapho isifanekiso siphuka noma izindonga eziphambene zesampula zihlangana.
Ukwehlulekaci-riteria: Ukucwecwa kwe-laminar noma izinto ezibuthakathaka ezitholakala kulo lonke uhlolo lokucaba kuzoba yizizathu zokwenqatshwa.
Ukuhlolwa kokuvutha kuyatholakala kumashubhu ayindilinga ≤ 254 mm (10 in) ububanzi, kodwa akuphoqelekile.
| Uhlu | Ububanzi | Qaphela |
| Ububanzi Bangaphandle (OD) | ≤48mm (1.9 in) | ±0.5% |
| ＞50mm (2 in) | ±0.75% | |
| Ukuqina Kwebonda (T) | Ukuqina kodonga olucacisiwe | ≥90% |
| Ubude (L) | ≤6.5m (22ft) | －6mm (1/4in) - +13mm (1/2in) |
| ＞6.5m (22ft) | －6mm (1/4in) - +19mm (3/4) | |
| Ukuqondile | Ubude buyiyunithi yombuso (ft) | L/40 |
| Amayunithi obude ayimethrikhi (m) | L/50 | |
| Izidingo zokubekezelela zobukhulu obuhlobene nensimbi yesakhiwo esiyindilinga | ||
Ukunqunywa Kwesici
Ukulimala okungaphezulu kuzohlukaniswa njengeziphambeko lapho ukujula kwesici sendawo kufana nokuthi ukujiya kodonga olusele kungaphansi kuka-90% wogqinsi olucacisiwe.
Amamaki alashiwe, isikhunta esincane noma izimpawu zokugoqa, noma izifaca ezingajulile azibhekwa njengeziphambeko uma zingasuswa ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ebekiwe yokuqina kodonga.Lezi zinkinga ezingaphezulu azidingi ukususwa okuphoqelekile.
Ukulungiswa Kwesici
Amaphutha anokuqina kodonga afinyelela ku-33% wogqinsi olubaluliwe azosuswa ngokusikwa noma ngokusila kuze kuvele insimbi engenasici.
Uma i-tack welding idingeka, inqubo ye-welding emanzi izosetshenziswa.
Ngemva kokucwenga, insimbi eyeqile izosuswa ukuze kutholakale indawo ebushelelezi.
Igama lomkhiqizi.uphawu, noma uphawu lokuhweba;ukuqokwa okucacisiwe (unyaka wokukhishwa awudingeki);kanye nencwadi yebanga.
Emapayipini esakhiwo anobubanzi obungaphandle obungu-4 kumasentimitha ayishumi noma ngaphansi, ulwazi lokuhlonza luvunyelwe kumalebula anamathiselwe ngokuvikelekile kunqwaba yepayipi ngalinye.
Kukhona nenketho yokusebenzisa amabhakhodi njengendlela yokuhlonza eyengeziwe, futhi kuyanconywa ukuthi amabhakhodi ahambisane ne-AIAG Standard B-1.
1. Ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo: Insimbi yeBanga C ijwayele ukusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo lapho kudingeka khona ukusekelwa kwesakhiwo.Ingasetshenziselwa ama-mainframes, izakhiwo zophahla, phansi, nezindonga zangaphandle.
2. Amaphrojekthi wengqalasizinda: Kumabhuloho, izakhiwo zezimpawu zomgwaqo onguthelawayeka, nezinsimbi zokuhlinzeka ngosekelo oludingekayo nokuqina.
3. Izinsiza zezimboni: ezitshalweni ezikhiqizayo nakwezinye izindawo zezimboni, ingasetshenziselwa ukuqinisa, amasistimu okwenza uzimele, namakholomu.
4. Izakhiwo zamandla avuselelekayo: Ingasetshenziswa futhi ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo zamandla omoya kanye nelanga.
5. Izinsiza zezemidlalo kanye nemishini: izakhiwo zezindawo zemidlalo ezifana nama-bleachers, amapali, ngisho nemishini yokuqina.
6. Imishini yezolimo: Ingasetshenziswa ukwakha amafreyimu emishini nezindawo zokugcina.
Usayizi: Nikeza ububanzi obungaphandle nobukhulu bodonga lwamashubhu ayindilinga;hlinzeka ngobukhulu bangaphandle kanye nokujiya kodonga lwamashubhu ayisikwele nonxande.
Ubuningi: Yisho ubude obuphelele (izinyawo noma amamitha) noma inombolo yobude obungabodwana obudingekayo.
Ubude: Khombisa uhlobo lobude obudingekayo - okungahleliwe, okuningi, noma okuqondile.
Ukucaciswa kwe-ASTM 500: Nikeza unyaka wokushicilelwa kwezicaciso ezikhonjiwe ze-ASTM 500.
Ibanga: Khombisa ibanga lezinto ezibonakalayo (B, C, noma D).
Ukuqokwa Okubalulekile: Khombisa ukuthi impahla iyishubhu elakhiwe ngendlela ebandayo.
Indlela Yokukhiqiza: Memezela ukuthi ipayipi alinamthungo noma lishiselwe.
Qeda Ukusebenzisa: Chaza ukusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe kwepayipi
Izidingo Ezikhethekile: Faka kuhlu noma yiziphi ezinye izidingo ezingafakwanga ekucacisweni okujwayelekile.
Singabakhiqizi nabahlinzeki bepayipi lensimbi yensimbi esezingeni eliphezulu abavela eChina, futhi siphinde sibe nesitoko sepayipi sensimbi esingenamthungo, sikunikeza izixazululo eziningi zamapayipi ensimbi!
Uma ufuna ukwazi ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nemikhiqizo yamapayipi ensimbi, ungaxhumana nathi!
