Izinto eziyinhloko zokuhlola ikhwalithi nezindlela zeamapayipi angenamthungo:
1. Hlola usayizi nokuma kwepayipi lensimbi
(1) Ukuhlola ukujiya kwamapayipi ensimbi: i-micrometer, i-ultrasonic gauge ukujiya, amaphuzu angekho ngaphansi kuka-8 kuzo zombili iziphetho kanye nerekhodi.
(2) Ububanzi bangaphandle bepayipi lensimbi nokuhlolwa kwe-ovality: ama-calliper gauge, ama-vernier caliper, nama-ring gauge ukukala amaphuzu amakhulu namancane.
(3) Ukuhlolwa kobude bepayipi lensimbi: itheyiphu yensimbi, imanuwali, ukulinganisa ubude obuzenzakalelayo.
(4) Ukuhlolwa kwezinga lokugoba lepayipi lensimbi: irula, irula yeleveli (1m), igeji yesinzwa, nomugqa omncane ukuze kukalwe idigri yokugoba imitha ngayinye kanye nedigri yokugoba yobude obugcwele.
(5) Ukuhlolwa kwe-engeli ye-bevel kanye nonqenqema olubuthuntu lobuso bokugcina bepayipi lensimbi: irula eliyisikwele, ipuleti lokunamathisela.
2. Ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yendawoamapayipi angenamthungo
(1) Ukuhlolwa okubukwayo okwenziwa ngesandla: ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle zokukhanyisa, ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso, isipiliyoni sokumaka ireferensi, vula ipayipi lensimbi ukuze uhlole ngokucophelela.Izindawo zangaphakathi nezingaphandle zamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo azivunyelwe ukuba nemifantu, ukugoqeka, izibazi, ukugingqika kanye ne-delamination.
(2) Ukuhlola okungabhubhisi ukuhlola:
a.Ukuthola amaphutha e-Ultrasonic UT: Izwela ukukhubazeka okungaphezulu nangaphakathi kwezinto ezihlukahlukene ezinempahla efanayo.
b.Ukuhlolwa kwamanje kwe-Eddy i-ET (i-electromagnetic induction) izwela kakhulu kumaphutha (okumise okwembobo).
c.I-Magnetic Particle MT kanye nokuhlolwa kokuvuza kwe-Flux: Ukuhlolwa kukaMagnetic kulungele ukutholwa kokukhubazeka okungaphezulu naseduze kobuso bezinto ze-ferromagnetic.
d.Ukutholwa kwephutha kwe-electromagnetic ultrasonic: Ayikho indlela yokuhlanganisa edingekayo, futhi ingasetshenziswa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, anesivinini esikhulu, ekutholeni amaphutha ebusweni bepayipi lensimbi.
e.Ukutholwa kwamaphutha angena ngaphakathi: i-fluorescence, umbala, ukutholwa kokulimala kwepayipi lensimbi.
3. Ukuhlaziywa kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali:ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali, ukuhlaziya kwezinsimbi (insimbi ye-infrared CS, i-spectrometer yokufunda ngokuqondile, AKUKHO insimbi, njll.).
(1) Ithuluzi le-Infrared CS: Hlaziya ama-ferroalloys, izinto ezingasetshenzisiwe zensimbi, kanye nama-elementi C no-S ngensimbi.
(2) I-spectrometer yokufunda okuqondile: C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, Mo, Ni, Cn, Al, W, V, Ti, B, Nb, As, Sn, Sb, Pb, Bi ngamasampula enqwaba.
(3) Ithuluzi le-N-0: ukuhlaziywa kokuqukethwe kwegesi N, O.
4. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kokuphathwa kwensimbi
(1) Ukuhlolwa kwe-Tensile: linganisa ingcindezi nokuguqulwa, thola amandla (YS, TS) kanye ne-plasticity index (A, Z) yezinto.Ingxenye yamapayipi esampula yobude noguquguqukayo, umumo we-arc, isampuli esiyindilinga (￠10, ￠12.5) ububanzi obuncane, udonga oluncane, ububanzi obukhulu, ibanga eliwugqinsi lokulinganiswa kodonga.Qaphela: Ubude besampula ngemva kokuphuka buhlobene nosayizi wesampula GB/T 1760
(2) Ukuhlolwa komthelela: I-CVN, uhlobo lwe-notch C, uhlobo lwe-V, inani lomsebenzi elithi J/cm2 isampula elijwayelekile 10×10×55 (mm) isampula elingajwayelekile 5×10×55 (mm).
(3) Ukuhlolwa kokuqina: I-Brinell hardness HB, i-Rockwell hardness HRC, i-Vickers hardness HV, njll.
(4) Ukuhlolwa kwe-hydraulic: ingcindezi yokuhlola, isikhathi sokuzinzisa ingcindezi, p=2Sδ/D.
5. Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungoukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwenqubo
(1) Ukuhlolwa kokucaba: isampula eyindilinga isampuli emise okuka-C (S/D>0.15) H=(1+2)S/(∝+S/D) L=40～100mm, i-coefficient yokuguqulwa kweyunithi ngayinye ubude=0.07～0.08
(2) Ukuhlolwa kokudonsa iringi: L=15mm, akukho ukuqhekeka okufanelekile
(3) Ukuhlolwa kokuvuleka nokugoqa: i-taper emaphakathi ingu-30°, 40°, 60°
(4) Ukuhlolwa kokugoba: Kungangena esikhundleni sokuhlolwa kokucaba (kumapayipi anobubanzi obukhulu)
6. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Metallographic ofipayipi elingenamthungo
Ukuhlolwa kokukhuliswa okuphezulu (ukuhlaziywa kwe-microscopic), ukuhlolwa kokukhulisa okuphansi (ukuhlaziywa kwe-macroscopic) ukuhlolwa komugqa wezinwele okumise okombhoshongo ukuze kuhlaziywe usayizi wokusanhlamvu wezinto ezifakiwe ezingezona ezensimbi, ukubonisa izicubu ezinobunzima obuphansi kanye nokukhubazeka (okufana nokuxega, ukuhlukaniswa, amabhamuza angaphansi kwesikhumba, njll. ), futhi uhlole inombolo, ubude nokusabalalisa kwezinwele.
Isakhiwo sokukhulisa kancane (i-macro): Amachashazi amhlophe abonakala ngokubonakalayo, okufakiwe, amabhamuza angaphansi kwesikhumba, ukuphenduka kwesikhumba kanye nokuncipha kwesikhumba akuvunyelwe ekuhloleni ukukhulisa okuphansi kwezingcezu zokuhlola ukuvuza kwe-asidi enqamulayo yamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo.
Inhlangano yamandla aphezulu (i-microscopic): Hlola ngesibonakhulu se-electron yamandla aphezulu.Ukuhlolwa kwe-Tower hairline: hlola inombolo, ubude nokusabalalisa kwezinwele.
Iqoqo ngalinye lamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo angena efekthri kufanele ahambisane nesitifiketi sekhwalithi esifakazela ubuqotho bokuqukethwe kweqoqo lamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-18-2023